Psychological Development and Education ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 903-912.doi: 10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2023.06.17

Previous Articles    

The Influence of Parents’ Working through Information and Communication Technologies after Hours on Harsh Parenting: Mediating Effect of Anxiety/Depression and Moderating Effect of Perceived Supervisor Support

HE Can1,2, WEI Hua3, DING Qian4, GUI Yong1   

  1. 1. College of Education Science, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435000;
    2. School of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079;
    3. Normal College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071;
    4. School of Educational Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000
  • Published:2023-11-11

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Abstract: Based on the integrated model of emotion processes and cognition in social information processing, this study investigated the relationship between parents' working through information and communication technologies after hours(W_ICTs)and harsh parenting and its inner mechanism. A sample of 949 preschoolers' parents was recruited to fill out Working through Information and Communication Technologies after Hour Scale, Harsh Parenting Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale and Perceived Supervisor Support Scale. Data was collected from self-report. Results showed that:(1)W_ICTs positively predicted harsh parenting in parents;(2)Anxiety/depression mediated this association;(3)This mediating effect was moderated by perceived supervisor support. Specifically, compared with parents with high perceived supervisor support, the W_ICTs of parents with low perceived supervisor support had a greater predictive effect on anxiety/depression, while the anxiety/depression of those with low perceived supervisor support had less predictive effect on harsh parenting. Our findings provide further evidence of the formation mechanism for harsh parenting, which have potential applied value for prevention and intervention programs.

Key words: working through information and communication technologies after hours, harsh parenting, anxiety/depression, perceived supervisor support, parents

CLC Number: 

  • B844
Abramson, L. Y., Metalsky, G. I., & Alloy, L. B. (1989). Hopelessness depression:A theory-based subtype of depression. Psychological Review, 96(2), 358-372.
Afzal, S., Arshad, M., Saleem, S., & Farooq, O. (2019). The impact of perceived supervisor support on employees' turnover intention and task performance: Mediation of self-efficacy.The Journal of Management Development, 38(5), 369-382.
Antony, M. M., Bieling, P. J., Cox, B. J., Enns, M. W., & Swinson, R. P. (1998). Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the depression anxiety stress scales in clinical groups and a community sample. Psychological Assessment, 10(2), 176-181.
Arlinghaus, A., & Nachreiner, F. (2013). When work calls-associations between being contacted outside of regular working hours for work-related matters and health. Chronobiology International, 30(9), 1197-1202.
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands-resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309-328.
Banks, D. M., Scott, B. G., & Weems, C. F. (2017). Anxiety, hostile attributions, and differences in heart rate response to ambiguous situational vignettes in adolescents. Emotion, 18(2), 248-259.
Bauer, A., Fairchild, G., Halligan, S. L., Hammerton, G., & Matijasevich, A. (2021). Harsh parenting and child conduct and emotional problems:Parent- and child-effects in the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 31(8), 1193-1203.
Belsky, J. (1984). The determinants of parenting: A process model.Child Development, 55(1), 83-96.
Berthelon, M., Contreras, D., Kruger, D., & Palma, M. I. (2020). Harsh parenting during early childhood and child development.Economics & Human Biology, 36, 1-14.
Black, D. A., Heyman, R. E., & Slep, A. (2001). Risk factors forchild physical abuse. Aggression & Violent Behavior, 6(2-3), 121-188.
Boswell, W. R., & Olson-Buchanan, J. B. (2007). The use of communication technologies after hours: The role of work attitudes and work-life conflict.Journal of Management, 33(4), 592-610.
Brotheridge, C. M., & Lee, R. T. (2005). Impact of work-family interference on general well-being.International Journal of Stress Management, 12(3), 203-221.
Browne, D. T., Meunier, J. C., O’Connor, T. G., & Jenkins, J. M. (2012). The role of parental personality traits in differential parenting. Journal of Family Psychology, 26(4), 542-553.
Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis.Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 310-357.
Cole, D. A., Martin, N. C., Sterba, S. K., Sinclair-Mcbride, K., Roeder, K. M., Zelkowitz, R., & Bilsky, S. A. (2014). Peer victimization (and harsh parenting) as developmental correlates of cognitive reactivity, a diathesis for depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 123(2), 336-349.
Crick, N. R., & Dodge, K. A. (1994). A review and reformulation of social information-processing mechanisms in children's social adjustment.Psychological Bulletin, 115(1), 74-101.
Cropley, M., Rydstedt, L. W., & Andersen, D. (2020). Recovery from work: Testing the effects of chronic internal and external workload on health and well-being. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 74(11), 919-924.
Crouch, J. L., Irwin, L. M., Milner, J. S., Skowronski, J. J., Rutledge, E., & Davila, A. L. (2017).Do hostile attributions and negative affect explain the association between authoritarian beliefs and harsh parenting? Child Abuse & Neglect, 67, 13-21.
Day, A., Paquet, S., Scott, N., & Hambley, L. (2012). Perceived information and communication technology (ICT) demands on employee outcomes: The moderating effect of organizational ICT support. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 17(4), 473-491.
Deater-Deckard, K., Wang, Z., Chen, N., & Bell, M. A. (2012). Maternal executive function, harsh parenting, and child conduct problems. Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 53(10), 1084-1091.
Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout.Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 499-512.
Dettmers, J., Vahle-Hinz, T., Bamberg, E., Friedrich, N., & Keller, M. (2016). Extended work availability and its relation with start-of-day mood and cortisol. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 21(1), 105-118.
Hayes, A. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis. Journal of Educational Measurement, 51(3), 335-337.
Hinnant, J. B., Erath, S. A., & El-Sheikh, M. (2015). Harsh parenting, parasympathetic activity, and development of delinquency and substance use.Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 124(1), 137-151.
Jocson, R. M. (2020). A dyadic analysis of depressive symptoms, harsh parenting, and rejection inFilipino mothers and fathers. Family Process, 60(2), 556-569.
Jones-Johnson, G., & Johnson, W. R. (1992). Subjective underemployment and psychosocial stress: The role of perceived social and supervisor support. The Journal of Social Psychology, 132(1), 11-21.
Kahn, R. L., Wolfe, D. M., Quinn, R. P., Snoek, J. D., & Rosenthal, R. A. (1964). Organizational stress: Studies in role conflict and ambiguity. American Journal of Sociology, 10(1), 125-130.
Kirmeyer, S. L., & Dougherty, T. W. (2010). Work load, tension, and coping: Moderating effects of supervisor support.Personnel Psychology, 41(1), 125-139.
Kottke, J. L., & Sharafinski, C. E. (1988). Measuring perceived supervisory and organizational support. Educational & Psychological Measurement, 48(4), 1075-1079.
Lee, Y. (2009). Early motherhood and harsh parenting:The role of human, social, and cultural capital. Child Abuse & Neglect, 33(9), 625-637.
Lemerise, E. A., & Arsenio, W. F. (2000). An integrated model of emotion processes and cognition in social information processing.Child Development, 71(1), 107-118.
Leung, D. W., & Slep, A. M. S. (2006). Predicting inept discipline: The role of parental depressive symptoms, anger, and attributions. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(3), 524-534.
Maral, K. E. (2021). Pathways to adolescent emotional and behavioral problems: An examination of maternal depression and harsh parenting. Child Abuse & Neglect, 113, 104917. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104917
Menguc, B., Auh, S., Fisher, M., & Haddad, A. (2013). To be engaged or not to be engaged:The antecedents and consequences of service employee engagement. Journal of Business Research, 66(11), 2163-2170.
Metcalfe, J., & Mischel, W. (1999). A hot/cool-system analysis of delay of gratification: Dynamics of willpower. Psychological Review, 106(1), 3-19.
Moreira, H., Fonseca, A., Caiado, B., & Canavarro, M. C. (2019). Work-family conflict and mindful parenting: Themediating role of parental psychopathology symptoms and parenting stress in a sample of portuguese employed parents. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 635. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00635
Ng, C. S. M. (2019). Effects of workplace bullying on Chinese children's health, behaviours and school adjustment via parenting: Study protocol for a longitudinal study. BMC Public Health, 19, 129. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6458-1
O’Driscoll, M. P., Poelmans, S., Spector, P. E., Kalliath, T., Allen, T. D., Copper, C. L., & Sanchez, J. I. (2003). Family-responsive interventions, perceived organizational and supervisor support, work-family conflict, and psychological strain. International Journal of Stress Management, 10(4), 326-344.
Park, Y. A., Fritz, C., & Jex, S. M. (2011). Relationships between work-home segmentation and psychological detachment from work: The role of communication technology use at home. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 16(4), 457-467.
Ragsdale, J. M., & Hoover, C. S. (2016). Cell phones during nonwork time: A source of job demands and resources. Computers in Human Behavior, 57, 54-60.
Rueger, S. Y., Katz, R. L., Risser, H. J., & Lovejoy, M. C. (2011). Relations between parental affect and parenting behaviors: A meta-analytic review. Parenting: Science and Practice, 11(1), 1-33.
Salzinger, S., Kaplan, S., & Artemyeff, C. (1983). Mothers'personal social networks and child maltreatment.Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 92(1), 68-76.
Seto, M., Morimoto, K., & Maruyama, S. (2004). Effects of work-related factors and work-family conflict on depression among Japanese working women living with young children. Environmental Health & Preventive Medicine, 9(5), 220-227.
Schwartz, D., Lansford, J. E., Dodge, K. A., Pettit, G. S., & Bates, J. E. (2013). The link between harsh home environments and negative academic trajectories is exacerbated by victimization in the elementary school peer group. Developmental Psychology, 49(2), 305-316.
Slep, A., & O'Leary, S. G. (1998). The effects of maternal attributions on parenting: An experimental analysis. Journal of Family Psychology, 12(12), 234-243.
Staines, G. L. (1980). Spillover versus compensation: A review of the literature on the relationship between work and nonwork. Human Relations, 33(2), 111-129.
Stewart, W., & Barling, J. (1996). Fathers' work experiences effect children's behaviors via job-related affect and parenting behaviors.Journal of Organizational Behavior, 17(3), 221-232.
Thomson, L. R. (1999). Perceived social support and attributions for failed support. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25(7), 896-908.
Ugarte, E., Narea, M., Aldoney, D., Weissman, D. G., & Hastings, P. D. (2021). Family risk and externalizing problems in Chilean children: Mediation by harsh parenting and emotional support. Child Development, 92(3), 871-888.
Wang, M. (2017). Harsh parenting and peer acceptance in Chinese early adolescents: Three child aggression subtypes as mediators and child gender as moderator. Child Abuse & Neglect, 63, 30-40.
Wayne, S. J., Shore, M., & Liden, R. C. (1997). Perceptions of organizational support and leader-member exchange: A social exchange perspective.Academy of Management Journal, 40(1), 82-111.
Xanthopoulou, D., Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2007). The role of personal resources in the job demands-resources model.International Journal of Stress Management, 14(2), 121-141.
龚栩, 谢熹瑶, 徐蕊, 罗跃嘉. (2010). 抑郁-焦虑-压力量表简体中文版(DASS-21)在中国大学生中的测试报告. 中国临床心理学杂志, 18(4), 443-446.
韩丽红, 潘静洲, 路琳. (2020). 员工支持感知对知识共享行为的影响研究—基于心理资源的视角. 科技管理研究, 40(9), 149-155.
何玉杰, 余敬. (2020). 非工作时间电子沟通对员工时间侵占行为的影响: 基于资源保存理论视角. 中国人力资源开发, 37(1), 54-67.
李锐, 凌文辁. (2008). 主管支持感研究述评及展望. 心理科学进展, 16(2), 150-157.
李甜甜, 顾吉有, 徐鹤文. (2021). 父亲抑郁对幼儿问题行为的影响: 教养效能感和教养方式的中介作用. 心理与行为研究, 19(1), 66-73.
梁文艳. (2020). 工作要求, 工作资源与教师的工作满意度——基于上海教师教学国际调查数据的实证研究. 教育研究, 41(10), 102-115.
马红宇, 谢菊兰, 唐汉瑛, 申传刚, 张晓翔. (2016). 工作性通信工具使用与双职工夫妻的幸福感: 基于溢出-交叉效应的分析. 心理学报, 48(1), 48-58.
唐海波, 邝春霞. (2009). 焦虑理论研究综述. 中国临床心理学杂志, 17(2), 176-177.
涂阳军, 郭永玉. (2011). 生活事件对负性情绪的影响: 社会支持的调节效应与应对方式的中介效应. 中国临床心理学杂志, 19(5), 88-91.
王明忠, 杜秀秀, 周宗奎. (2016). 粗暴养育的内涵、影响因素及作用机制. 心理科学进展, 24(3), 379-391.
王晓辰, 徐乃赞, 刘剑, 李清. (2019). 非工作时间连通行为对工作-家庭平衡满意度的影响研究: 一个有调节的中介模型. 心理科学, 42(4), 190-196.
王杨阳, 杨婷婷, 苗心萌, 宋国萍. (2021). 非工作时间使用手机工作与员工生活满意度: 心理脱离的中介作用和动机的调节作用. 心理科学, 44(2), 405-411.
温忠麟, 叶宝娟. (2014). 有调节的中介模型检验方法: 竞争还是替补? 心理学报, 46(5), 714-726.
叶萌, 唐汉瑛, 谢菊兰, 马红宇, 岳闪闪. (2018). 非工作时间使用通信技术处理工作的“双刃剑”效应及心理机制. 心理科学, 41(1), 160-166.
周浩, 龙立荣. (2004). 共同方法偏差的统计检验与控制方法. 心理科学进展, 12(6), 942-942.
朱蕾, 卓美红. (2015). 积极归因与大学生感戴: 领悟社会支持的中介作用. 中国特殊教育, (11), 79-82.
[1] LI Yan, LIANG Lichan, ZHOU Xinran, BIAN Yufang. Parent-teacher Relationships and Primary Students’ School Attitude: The Mediating Role of Teacher-child Relationships and the Difference between Parents [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(1): 74-82.
[2] WEI Hua, DING Huimin, CHEN Wu, HAO Xingfeng, XIONG Jie. The Relationship between Parents’ Phubbing and Adolescents’ Cyberbullying: The Mediating Effects of Stress and the Moderating Effects of Age [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(1): 114-121.
[3] CHEN Chuanfeng, GE Guohong, LU Danfeng, YUE Huilan. The Relationship between Co-parenting by Grandparents and Parents and False Belief Understanding of Preschool Children: The Role of Parent-child Attachment and Co-residence with Grandparents [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(1): 21-30.
[4] HE Can, WEI Hua, XIE Xiaochun, LEI Yuju. Effect of Parents' Phubbing on Adolescents' Self-injury: A Perspective of Experiential Avoidance Model [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(2): 287-294.
[5] GUAN Wenjun, HU Mengjuan, LIU Chen. Perceived Discrimination and Intergroup Relations among Parents of ASD: A Moderated Mediation Model [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(6): 854-863.
[6] LIN Yue, LIU Qinxue, YU Si, ZHOU Zongkui. The Relationship between Parents Neglect and Online Gaming Addiction among Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Hope and Gender Difference [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(1): 109-119.
[7] LAI Xiaolu, JIANG Yongqiang, LIU Xuelan, LI Li, ZHANG Xiaoying, ZHANG Caixia. Parental Adult Attachment, Compassion, and Parent-child Relationship Quality: Actor-partner Interdependence Modeling [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2019, 35(4): 411-420.
[8] KAN Jiaqi, LIU Siman, SHI Jiahui, YAN Qi, GUO Junbin, WANG Zhengyan. The Associations among Maternal and Grandparents' Mind-mindedness, Mother-Infant Attachment and Infants' Cognition under the Background of Grandmother Co-parenting: A Moderated Mediation Model [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2018, 34(4): 395-402.
[9] LIU Ying, CHAI Xiaoyun, GONG Shaoying, SANG Biao. The Influence of Parents' Autonomous Motivation on Primary School Students' Emotions in Mathematics Homework:The Role of Students' Autonomous Motivation and Teacher Support [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2017, 33(5): 577-586.
[10] MA Meifen, ZHU Lei, YANG Xiaojun, WANG Zhenhong. The Effect of Parents' Marital Conflict on Junior Students' Academic Burnout: The Mediating Role of Co-parenting [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2017, 33(1): 21-29.
[11] SU Binyuan, ZHANG Wei, SU Qin, YU Chengfu. Why Parents' Regulation of Internet Use was Ineffective to Adolescent Problematic Online Game Use? A Moderated Mediation Model [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2016, 32(5): 604-613.
[12] LI Qiming, CHEN Zhixia, XU Haiyan. The Relationship among Dual Filial Piety, Grandparents-grandchildren and Elderly Stereotypes [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2016, 32(4): 444-452.
[13] LI Yanbin, HOU Xiangning, LIN Xiuyun, WANG Zhonghui, FANG Xiaoyi, LI Junhong. The Association of Parents Emotion Dysregulation with Oppositional Defiant Symptoms of Migrant Children: The Role of Parents Conflict Tactics and Children Emotion Regulation [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2016, 32(2): 214-225.
[14] GUAN Wenjun, YAN Tingrui, DENG Meng. The Characteristics of Parenting Stress of Parents of Children with Disabilities and Their Effects on Their Quality of Life: The Mediating Role of Social Support [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2015, 31(4): 411-419.
[15] BAO Zhen-zhou, LI Dong-ping, ZHANG Wei, WANG Yan-hui, SUN Wen-qiang, ZHAO Li-yan. Cumulative Ecological Risk and Adolescents’ Academic and Social Competence：The Compensatory and Moderating Effects of Sense of Responsibility to Parents [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2014, 30(5): 482-495.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
Copyright 2018 © Editorial office of Psychological Development and Education
Supported by Beijing Magtech Co.Ltd