Psychological Development and Education ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 848-858.doi: 10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2022.06.11

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The Association between School Belonging and Smartphone Dependence in Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Learning Anxiety and the Moderating Role of Peer Relationship

ZHANG Cai1, JIANG Yiru1, ZHU Chengwei1, SHAO Tingting1, WANG Haitao2, CHEN Fumei1   

  1. 1. Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875;
    2. Department of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100
  • Published:2022-11-29

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Abstract: In order to explore the influence and mechanism of school belonging on adolescents' smartphone dependence, according to Stage-Environment Fit Theory, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 3355 sophomores from 65 middle schools in Qingdao, Shandong Province. The results were as followings: (1) After controlling for gender and Internet time, the school belonging have a negative direct effect on smartphone dependence; (2) The negative association between school belonging and smartphone dependence was mediated by learning anxiety; (3) The effect of school belonging on smartphone dependence, the effect of school belonging on learning anxiety and the effect of learning anxiety on smartphone dependence were all moderated by peer relationships, and these three effects were stronger in adolescents with high level of peer relationships. The present study highlights the mediating role of learning anxiety and the moderating role of peer relationships in the effect of school belonging on smartphone dependence. It contributes to a better understanding of the effects, paths and conditions of school belonging on smartphone dependence of adolescents. It can also provide constructive suggestions for preventing adolescents’ smartphone dependence in the mobile Internet era.

Key words: adolescents, school belonging, learning anxiety, peer relationship, smartphone dependence

CLC Number: 

  • B844
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