Psychological Development and Education ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5): 449-458.

    Next Articles

Emotional Faces Detection and Processing of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder Aged 7-10

CHEN Shun-sen1,2, BAI Xue-jun2, SHEN De-li2, YAN Guo-li2, ZHANG Ling-cong1   

  1. 1. Institute of Applied Psychology, Zhangzhou Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China;
    2. Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300074, China
  • Online:2011-09-15 Published:2011-09-15

PDF (PC)

Abstract: Eye movements while watching pictures of 14 ASD(autism spectrum disorder)children and 20 typically developed children were monitored in two experiments to investigate the nature of emotional faces detection and processing of ASD individuals.In Experiment 1,the semantic inconsistency stimuli were created by embedding emotional faces(neutral,fear,or happy)into outdoor scenes.The scrambled pictures of a person with different expressions(neutral,fear,or happy)were presented in Experiment 2.The results showed:(1)ASD individuals needed longer time to detect the emotion faces than normal controls consistently across experiments.(2)An attentional bias to the fearful faces was observed in both ASD and control groups.(3)In Experiment 2,children with ASD performed an abnormal attentional allocation pattern to feature areas of the different emotional faces.The typically developing children showed more focus on the areas which are thought to display the most characteristic changes and convey the most important information for the different facial expressions,such as the eyes with fear or the mouth with happy,however the ASD group showed a similar pattern on the distribution of looks on three emotional faces.(4)Children with ASD showed a similar pattern to the typically developed children while detecting and processing emotional faces.

Key words: Autism Spectrum Disorder, Emotional faces, Face detection, Face processing, Eye movement

CLC Number: 

  • B844.1
[1] Bai,X.,Chen,S.,&Shen,D.(2010).Faces capture the visual attention of individuals with autism spectrum disorder aged 7-10.The 4th China International Conference on Eye Movements.
[2] Braverman,M.,Fein,D.,Lucci,D.,&Waterhouse,L.(1989).Affect comprehension in children with pervasive developmental disorders.Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,19,301-316.
[3] Brenner,L,Turner,K,&Muller,R.(2007).Eye movement and visual search:Are there elementary abnormalities in autism?Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders.37,1289-309.
[4] Dalton,K.M.,Nacewicz,B.M.,Johnstone,T.,Schaefer,H.S.,Gernsbacher,M.A.,Goldsmith,H.H.,et al.(2005).Gaze fixation and the neural circuitry of face processing in autism.Nature Neuroscience,8,519-526.
[5] Dawson,G.,Webb,S.,Carver,L.,Panagiotides,H.,& McPartland,J.(2004).Young children with autism show atypical brain responses to fearful versus neutral facial expressions.Developmental Science,7,340-359.
[6] de Wit,T.C.J.,Falck-Ytter,T.,&von Hofsten,C.(2008).Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Look Differently at Positive versus Negative Emotional Faces.Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders,2,651-659.
[7] Eagle,R.S.(2003).Accessing and assessing intelligence in individuals with lower functioning autism.Journal on Developmental Disabilities,9(2),45-53.
[8] Ekman,P.,&Friesen,W.V.(1975).Unmasking the face.A guide to recognizing emotions from facial clues.Englewood Cliffs,NJ:Prentice-Hall.
[9] Green,M.J.,Williams,L.M.,&Davidson,D.(2003).In the face of danger:Specific viewing strategies for facial expressions of threat?Cognition and Emotion,17,779-786.
[10] Gross,T.F.(2004).The perception of four basic emotions in human and nonhuman faces by children with autism and other developmental disabilities.Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology,32,469-480.
[11] Hoehl,S.,Wiese,L.,Striano,T.(2008).Young infants'neural processing of objects is afected by eye gaze direction and emotion expression.PloS ONE.3(6),1-6.
[12] Jolliffe,T.,&Baron-Cohen,S.(1999).A test of central coherence theory;linguistic processing in high-functioning adults with autism or Aspergers syndrome:Is local coherence impaired?Cognition,71,149-185.
[13] Klin,A.,Jones.W.,Schultz,R.,Volkmar,F.,&Cohen,D. (2002).Visual fixation patterns during viewing of naturalistic social situations as predictors of social competence in individuals with autism.Archives of General Psychiatry,59,809-816.
[14] Nachson,I.(1995).On the modularity of face recognition:The riddle of domain specificity.Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology,17,256-275.
[15] Pelphrey,K.A.,Sasson,N.J.,Reznick,J.S.,Paul,G.,Goldman,B.D.,&Piven,J.(2002).Visual Scanning of Faces in Autism.Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,32,249-261.
[16] Riby,D.M.,&Hancock,P.J.B.(2008a).Do faces capture the attention of individuals with Williams syndrome or Autism?Evidence from tracking eye movements.Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,39,421-431
[17] Riby,D.M.,&Hancock,P.J.B.(2008b).Viewing it differently:Social scene perception in Williams syndrome and Autism.Neuropsychologia,46,2855-2860.
[18] Rosset,D.B.,Rondan,C.,Da Fonseca,D.,Santos,A.,Assouline,B.,&Deruelle,C.(2008).Typical Emotion Processing for Cartoon but not for Real Faces in Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders.Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,38,919-925.
[19] Schopler,E.C.,Reichler,R.,&Renner,B.(1988).The Childhood Autism Rating Scale(CARS).Los Angeles,CA:Western Psychological Services.Snowling,M.,&Frith,U.(1986).Comprehension in‘hyperlexic' readers.Journal of Experimental Child Psychology,42,392-415.
[20] Underwood,G.,&Foulsham,T.(2005).Visual saliency and semantic incongruency influence eye movements when inspecting pictures.The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology,59, 1931-1949.
[21] van der Geest,J.N.,Kemner,C.,Verbaten,M.N.,&van Engeland,H.(2002).Gaze behaviour of children with pervasive developmental disorder toward human faces:A fixation time study.Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,43,669-678.
[22] Williams,M.A.,Moss,S.A.,Bradshaw,J.L.,&Mattingley,J.B.(2005).Look at me,I'm smiling:Visual search for threatening and nonthreatening facial expressions.Visual Cognition,12,29-50
[23] Yirmiya,N.,Kasari,C.,Sigman,M.,&Mundy,P.(1989).Facial expressions of affect in autistic,mentally retarded and normal children.Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 30,725-735.
[24] 白露,马慧,黄宇霞,罗跃嘉.(2005).中国情绪图片系统的编制——在46名中国大学生中的试用.中国心理卫生杂志,19,719-722.
[25] 陈顺森,白学军,张日昇.(2011).自闭症谱系障碍的流行病学、症状与干预.心理科学进展,19(1),60-72.
[26] 兰岚,兰继军,李越.(2008).自闭症儿童面部表情识别的综述.中国特殊教育,3,36-41.
[27] 李咏梅,静进,邹小兵,金宇,五十岚一枝.(2009).孤独症幼儿对面部情绪表情认知特征的初步研究.中国循证儿科杂志4(1),23-28.
[28] 王妍,罗跃嘉.(2005).大学生面孔表情材料的标准化及其评定.中国临床心理学杂志,13,396-398.
[29] 中华医学会精神病学分会.(2001).中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第三版.山东科学技术出版社.
[1] WANG Jingxin, ZHAO Sainan, XU Qianqian. Effects of Spacing and Word Frequency on the Reading of Young and Older Adults: An Eye Movement Study [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(6): 781-787.
[2] GAO Zihui, JIAO Yu, WANG Xi, LIU Xiaocen. The Influence of Dynamic and Static Text Presentation of Electronic Picture Books on Children’s Reading Experience and Learning Effect [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(6): 817-824.
[3] LU Minghui, WANG Rong, ZHANG Limin. Relationship between Parents’ Resilience and Emotional/Behavioral Problems in Children with ASD: A Moderated Mediation Model [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(2): 247-254.
[4] ZHENG Wanting, WANG Wei, XU Limin, LI Mohan, XU Zhiqi, LI Yongxin, ZHAO Jing, LIANG Ziyan, LIU Jingjia. Characteristics of Environmental Print Reading of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Aged 5 to 7 Years [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(6): 822-829.
[5] WANG Wei, GONG Deying, CHENG Chun, CHEN Ke, LI Yongxin, YAN Jingjing. The Characteristics of Number Sense in 5~7 Years Old Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(6): 818-825.
[6] YU Xiao, ZHANG Han, CHEN Yinghe, QI Yue, LIU Aifang, LIU Lili. Eye Movement Research of Analogical Reasoning: An Effective Way to Reveal the Developing Analogical Reasoning Strategies [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(6): 897-903.
[7] SHI Fangting, ZHENG Chenye, YAN Xiulin, LU Lu, WANG Jingmei, DI Bo, LU Yingjun. An Eye-movement Research on 5~6-year-old Children's Recognition of Cartoon Faces in Different Culture Backgrounds [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(3): 323-334.
[8] MA Anran, WANG Yanqing, WANG Fuxing, ZHOU Zhijin. Effects of Accelerating the Playback of Micro Teaching Video on Learning Performance [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(3): 391-399.
[9] HOU Yujia, YAN Tingrui, DENG Meng. The Impact of Maternal Attachment Style on Attachment of Children with ASD: The Mediating Role of Maternal Parenting Style [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2020, 36(1): 28-37.
[10] LIU Zhifang, TONG Wen, ZHANG Jun. Aging Effects on Word Processing in Chinese Reading: Evidences from Eye Movements [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2019, 35(6): 665-677.
[11] WANG Wei, XU Zhiyu, LI Yongxin, CHENG Yiyun. The Intervention Effect of Emotional Picture Book Reading on Emotion Understanding Disorder of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2019, 35(5): 566-572.
[12] ZHANG Jun, TONG Wen, LIU Zhifang. The Aging of Perceptual Span in Different Word Length Sentences: Evidences from Eye Movement [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2019, 35(3): 312-319.
[13] JIN Yan, HE Ziqiao, YE Tong. Discrimination Reversal Learning Between Autism And Their Typically Developing Children Aged 5~6 Years Old [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2019, 35(3): 338-343.
[14] CHEN Chaoyang, LIU Zhifang, SU Yongqiang, CHENG Yahua. The Prediction Effects for Skill and Less-skill Deaf Readers in Chinese Reading: Evidence from Eye Movement [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2018, 34(6): 692-699.
[15] LIU Yan, WANG Jing, ZHANG Xiaoyan. The Impact of Self-Projection on Episodic Foresight in Young Children: Evidence from Typically Developing Children and Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2017, 33(6): 649-657.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
Copyright 2018 © Editorial office of Psychological Development and Education
Supported by Beijing Magtech Co.Ltd