状态自恋与攻击行为——知觉到的威胁、愤怒情绪和敌意归因偏差的多重中介作用

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2016.02.13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用2(自恋故事vs.中性故事)×2(威胁情境vs.表扬情境)的被试间设计对162名大学生的状态自恋与攻击行为的关系及其机制进行考察。结果发现:(1)与中性故事组相比,自恋故事能够显著激活被试的状态自恋水平;(2)与表扬情境相比,威胁情境中自恋激活组个体的攻击意向显著高于中性故事组,说明状态自恋激活能够显著增加个体的攻击行为;(3)状态自恋通过知觉到的威胁、愤怒情绪和敌意归因偏差间接预测攻击行为;(4)从总体上来说,知觉到的威胁既可显著直接预测攻击行为,也可通过愤怒情绪间接预测攻击行为。对自恋激活组,状态自恋可以通过影响愤怒情绪和敌意归因偏差间接影响攻击行为;对中性控制组来说,这种关系则不存在。本研究结果证实,状态自恋的激活能够显著增加个体面对消极反馈时攻击行为产生的认知情绪机制。

关键词: 状态自恋, 知觉到的威胁, 愤怒情绪, 敌意归因偏差, 攻击行为

Abstract: In most prior research, narcissism has been consistently found to promote aggression under provocation. However, most of them have focused only on dispositional narcissism without considering situational factors that may increase narcissism temporarily. The present studies explored the possibility that experimentally induced increases in narcissism would foster aggressive responding to criticism by increasing perceived threat in a laboratory setting among Chinese college students. 162 college students were randomly assigned to conditions of a 2(narcissism activating story vs. neutral control story) by 2(threat vs. praise) between-subjects design. Structural equation model and bootstrapping analyses were utilized to test the hypothesized mediating model, results showed that (1) there is significant difference in the level of state narcissism induced by different priming stories among participants; (2) the state narcissism activating group expresses more aggression under the condition of threat (vs. praise); (3) the effect of state narcissism on aggression is mediated by perceived threat, anger and hostile attribution biases; (4) on the whole, perceived threat not only directly predict aggression, but also lead to aggression via feelings of anger and hostile attribution biases. For narcissism activating group, state narcissism make an indirect effect on aggression through feelings of anger and hostile attribution bias; for neutral control group, the relationship doesn't exist. The results suggest that factors of emotions and cognitive would produce aggressive behaviors when the narcissists confronted with negative evaluations.

Key words: state narcissism, perceived threat, anger, hostile attribution bias, aggression

中图分类号:

B844

杨晨晨, 李彩娜, 王振宏, 边玉芳. 状态自恋与攻击行为——知觉到的威胁、愤怒情绪和敌意归因偏差的多重中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2016, 32(2): 236-245.

YANG Chenchen, LI Caina, WANG Zhenhong, BIAN Yufang. The Mediational Roles of Perceived threat, Anger, and Hostile Attribution Bias between State Narcissism and Aggression[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2016, 32(2): 236-245.

参考文献

Anderson, C. A., & Bushman, B. J. (2002). Human aggression. Annual Review of Psychology, 53(1), 27-51.
Barry, C. T., Frick, P. J., & Killian, A. L. (2003). The relation of narcissism and self-esteem to conduct problems in children:A preliminary investigation. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology,32(1), 139-152.
Barry, C. T., Pickard, J. D., & Ansel, L. L. (2009). The associations of adolescent invulnerability and narcissism with problem behaviors. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(6), 577-582.
Baumeister, R. F., Bushman, B. J., & Campbell, W. K. (2000). Self-Esteem, Narcissism, and Aggression Does Violence Result From Low Self-Esteem or From Threatened Egotism? Current Directions in Psychological Science, 9(1), 26-29.
Baumeister, R. F., Smart, L., & Boden, J. M. (1996). Relation of threatened egotism to violence and aggression:the dark side of high self-esteem. Psychological Review,103(1), 5-33.
Berkowitz, L. (2012). A Different View of Anger:The Cognitive-Neoassociation Conception of the Relation of Anger to Aggression. Aggressive Behavior, 38(4), 322-333.
Besser, A., & Priel, B. (2010). Grandiose narcissism versus vulnerable narcissism in threatening situations:Emotional reactions to achievement failure and interpersonal rejection. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 29(8), 874-902.
Bettencourt, B., Talley, A., Benjamin, A. J., & Valentine, J. (2006). Personality and aggressive behavior under provoking and neutral conditions:a meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 132(5), 751-777.
Bogart, L. M., Benotsch, E. G., & Pavlovic, J. D. P. (2004). Feeling superior but threatened:The relation of narcissism to social comparison. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 26(1), 35-44.
Bond, A. J., Ruaro, L., & Wingrove, J. (2006). Reducing anger induced by ego threat:Use of vulnerability expression and influence of trait characteristics. Personality and Individual Differences, 40(6), 1087-1097.
Bushman, B. J., & Baumeister, R. F. (1998). Threatened egotism, narcissism, self-esteem, and direct and displaced aggression:Does self-love or self-hate lead to violence? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75(1), 219-229.
Campbell, W. K., & Campbell, S. M. (2009). On the self-regulatory dynamics created by the peculiar benefits and costs of narcissism:A contextual reinforcement model and examination of leadership. Self and Identity, 8(2), 214-232.
Edwards, R., & Bond, A. J. (2012). Narcissism, self-concept clarity and aggressive cognitive bias amongst mentally disordered offenders. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 23(5), 620-634.
Falkenbach, D. M., Howe, J. R., & Falki, M. (2013). Using self-esteem to disaggregate psychopathy, narcissism, and aggression. Personality and Individual Differences, 54(7), 815-820.
Ghim, S. C., Choi, D. H., Lim, J. J., & Lim, S. M. (2015). The Relationship between Covert Narcissism and Relational Aggression in Adolescents:Mediating Effects of Internalized Shame and Anger Rumination. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 5(1), 21-26.
Kernis, M. H., & Sun, C. R. (1994). Narcissism and reactions to inter-personal feedback. Journal of Research in Personality, 28(1), 4-13.
Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2010). Different provocations trigger aggression in narcissists and psychopaths. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 1(1), 12-18.
Kerig, P. K., & Stellwagen, K. K. (2010). Roles of callous-unemotional traits, narcissism, and Machiavellianism in childhood aggression. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 32(3), 343-352.
Kirschner, D. (1992). Understanding adoptees who kill:Dissociation, patricide, and the psychodynamics of adoption. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 36(4), 323-333.
Lau, K. S., & Marsee, M. A. (2013). Exploring narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism in youth:Examination of associations with antisocial behavior and aggression. Journal of Child and Family Studies,22(3), 355-367.
Locke, K. D. (2009). Aggression, narcissism, self-esteem, and the attribution of desirable and humanizing traits to self versus others. Journal of Research in Personality, 43(1), 99-102.
Marmar, C. R., & Freeman, M. (1988). Brief dynamic psychotherapy of post-traumatic stress disorders:Management of narcissistic regression. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 1(3), 323-337.
McCullough, M. E., Emmons, R. A., Kilpatrick, S. D., & Mooney, C. N. (2003). Narcissists as "victims":The role of narcissism in the perception of transgressions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(7), 885-893.
Miller, J. D., & Campbell, W. K. (2010). The case for using research on trait narcissism as a building block for understanding narcissistic personality disorder. Personality Disorders:Theory, Research, and Treatment, 1(3), 180-191.
Morf, C. C., & Rhodewalt, F. (2001). Unraveling the paradoxes of narcissism:A dynamic self-regulatory processing model. Psychological Inquiry, 12(4), 177-196.
Muoz Centifanti, L. C., Kimonis, E. R., Frick, P. J., & Aucoin, K. J. (2013). Emotional reactivity and the association between psychopathy-linked narcissism and aggression in detained adolescent boys. Development and Psychopathology, 25(02), 473-485.
Ojanen, T., Findley, D., & Fuller, S. (2012). Physical and relational aggression in early adolescence:Associations with narcissism, temperament, and social goals. Aggressive Behavior, 38(2), 99-107
Papps, B. P., & O'Carroll, R. E. (1998). Extremes of self-esteem and narcissism and the experience and expression of anger and aggression. Aggressive Behavior, 24(6), 421-438.
Raskin, R., & Terry, H. (1988). A principal-components analysis of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory and further evidence of its construct validity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(5), 890-902.
Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image (pp. 301-326). Princeton. NJ:Princeton Universe Press.
Sedikides, C., Campbell, W. K., Reeder, G. D., & Elliot, A. J. (1998). The self-serving bias in relational context. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(2), 378-386.
Smalley, R. L., & Stake, J. E. (1996). Evaluating sources of ego-threatening feedback:Self-esteem and narcissism effects. Journal of Research in Personality, 30(4), 483-495.
Spielberger, C. D., & Sycleman, S. J. (1994). State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory. In M. E. Maruish (Ed.), The use of psychological testing for treatment planning and outcome assessment (pp. 292-321). Hillsdale, NJ, England:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Stucke, T. S. (2003). Who's to blame? Narcissism and self-serving attributions following feedback. European Journal of Personality, 17(6), 465-478.
Stucke, T. S., & Sporer, S. L. (2002). When a grandiose self-image is threatened:Narcissism and self-concept clarity as predictors of negative emotions and aggression following ego-threat. Journal of Personality, 70(4), 509-532.
Thomaes, S., Bushman, B. J., Stegge, H., & Olthof, T. (2008). Trumping shame by blasts of noise:narcissism, self-esteem, shame, and aggression in young adolescents. Child Development, 79(6), 1792-1801.
Topalli, V., & O'Neal, E. C. (2003). Retaliatory motivation enhances attributions of hostility when people process ambiguous social stimuli. Aggressive Behavior, 29(2), 155-172.
Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2003). "Isn't it fun to get the respect that we're going to deserve?" Narcissism, social rejection, and aggression. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(2), 261-272.
Vazire, S., & Funder, D. C. (2006). Impulsivity and the self-defeating behavior of narcissists. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 10(2),154-165.
汪向东, 王希林, 马弘. (1999). 心理卫生评定量表手册(增订版) (pp. 318-319). 北京:中国心理卫生杂志社.
张宝强. (2012). 父母教养方式, 自恋人格与大学生攻击性的关系研究. 杭州师范大学硕士论文.
章娅. (2007). 自恋人格一生发展特征及自恋者自我提升策略研究. 华东师范大学硕士学位论文.
赵蕊. (2011). 状态自恋与攻击行为关系的实验研究. 陕西师范大学硕士学位论文.

多维度评价

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

[1]	洪新伟, 苗灵童, 范航, 宋明华, 朱婷婷, 刘燊, 张林. 父母婚姻冲突与青少年攻击行为的关系:情绪安全感和学校联结的作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(5): 726-734.
[2]	刘田田, 李燕, 李有嘉, 姜新苗. 父母协同教养与学前儿童社会行为的关系:亲子关系和同胞关系的链式中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2021, 37(5): 638-647.
[3]	任萍, 宋子婧, 孟晓哲, 秦幸娜, 张云运. 青少年学业成绩、攻击行为与受欢迎程度的关系:一项交叉滞后研究[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2021, 37(5): 710-718.
[4]	刘啸莳, 刘世宏, 莫碧波, 李丹, 傅锐. 幼儿外倾性与攻击行为的关系:自我控制和母亲温暖教养的调节作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2020, 36(5): 538-544.
[5]	金童林, 乌云特娜, 张璐, 杨雪, 贾彦茹, 杨宏. 社会逆境感知对大学生攻击行为的影响:反刍思维与领悟社会支持的作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2020, 36(4): 414-421.
[6]	张云运, 刘思辰, 任萍, 牛丽丽. 学生学业和行为特征如何影响教师支持？来自个体和圈子层面的证据[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2020, 36(3): 318-328.
[7]	高雯, 朱进慧, 方臻. 父亲参与教养对小学生攻击行为的影响:母亲育儿压力的部分中介效应[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2020, 36(1): 84-93.
[8]	陆桂芝, 金童林, 葛俭, 任秀华, 张璐, 张亚利, 姜永志. 暴力暴露对大学生网络攻击行为的影响:有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2019, 35(3): 360-367.
[9]	何婷, 宋子婧, 丁菀, 刘伟, 蔺秀云. 父母心理控制与对立违抗障碍儿童抑郁和攻击行为的关系:父子依恋和母子依恋的中介效应[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2018, 34(2): 219-228.
[10]	宋明华, 陈晨, 刘燊, 李俊萱, 侯怡如, 张林. 父母教养方式对初中生攻击行为的影响:越轨同伴交往和自我控制的作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2017, 33(6): 675-682.
[11]	金童林, 陆桂芝, 张璐, 金祥忠, 王晓雨. 特质愤怒对大学生网络攻击行为的影响:道德推脱的作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2017, 33(5): 605-613.
[12]	孙丽君, 杜红芹, 牛更枫, 李俊一, 胡祥恩. 心理虐待与忽视对青少年攻击行为的影响:道德推脱的中介与调节作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2017, 33(1): 65-75.
[13]	夏天生, 刘君, 顾红磊, 董书亮. 父母冲突对青少年攻击行为的影响:一个有调节的中介模型[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2016, 32(4): 503-512.
[14]	高玲, 王兴超, 杨继平. 交往不良同伴对男性未成年犯攻击行为的影响:道德推脱的中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2015, 31(5): 625-632.
[15]	刘文文, 江琦, 任晶晶, 李树芳, 徐雅珮. 特质愤怒对攻击行为的影响:敌意认知和冲动性水平有调节的中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2015, 31(4): 485-493.