工读学校学生的物质滥用行为及其关键影响因素分析

心理发展与教育 ›› 2009, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (4): 101-108.

工读学校学生的物质滥用行为及其关键影响因素分析

林丹华¹, 杨阿丽², 王芳¹, 张琢诗³

1. 北京师范大学发展心理研究所, 北京 100875;
2. 沈阳体育学院体育教育系, 沈阳 110102;
3. Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit USA

出版日期:2009-10-15 发布日期:2009-10-15
通讯作者: 林丹华,北京师范大学发展心理研究所副教授.E-mail:danhualin@bnu.edu.cn E-mail:danhualin@bnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
北京市哲学社会科学“十一五”规划项目(06BDJY0017);北京大学-香港青年协会青少年发展研究中心的资助

Characteristics of Substance use and its Core Contributing Factors among Reform School Students in Southwest of China

LIN Dan-hua¹, YANG A-li², WANG Fang¹, LI Xiao-ming³

1. Institute of Developmental Psychology Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
2. Department of Physical Education, ShenYang Sport University, Shenyang 110102, China;
3. Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit USA

Online:2009-10-15 Published:2009-10-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 选取西南某省工读学校的193名工读学生参加问卷调查,拟考察工读生的物质滥用行为特点,并初步探索影响工读生物质滥用行为的关键因素以及各关键因素的相对影响力。结果发现:(1)工读生中存在较严重的每日吸烟(49%)、大量饮酒(41%)和毒品使用行为(41%),女生的毒品使用行为约是男生的两倍(74%vs.35%);(2)父母物质滥用行为与态度、同伴物质滥用行为与态度、同伴压力、抵制效能感是影响工读生出现物质滥用行为的关键影响因素;(3)在工读生物质滥用行为影响因素的关系模型中,父母诸因素可以显著地预测同伴诸因素,同时,父母和同伴特点又通过影响工读生的抵制效能感,间接地预测工读生的三种物质滥用行为。其中,父母诸因素对工读生的物质滥用行为和抵制效能感的预测力大于同伴的作用。

关键词: 工读学校学生, 物质滥用行为, 关键影响因素

Abstract: A sample of 193 reform school students in southwest of China was recruited to complete a questionnaire to explore characteristics of substance use(smoking daily,binge drinking and drug use),its core contributing factors and their respective magnitude of effect.Results showed:(1)The population had a high level of substance use,with 49% reporting daily smoking,41% binge drinking and 41% using any kind of drug.Females were two times more likely to use drug than males(74% vs.35%);(2)Parental substance use and attitude,peers'substance use and attitude,peer pressure,resistance self-efficacy were the core contributing factors associated with substance use among reform school students;(3)Parental factors could significantly predict peer factors.Moreover,parental and peer factors could indirectly predict any kind of substance use through resistance self-efficacy among the population.The magnitude of parental factors'effect on students'resistance self-efficacy and substance use was higher than that of peer factors'effect.

Key words: reform school students, substance use, core, contributing factors

中图分类号:

B844.2

林丹华, 杨阿丽, 王芳, 张琢诗. 工读学校学生的物质滥用行为及其关键影响因素分析[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2009, 25(4): 101-108.

LIN Dan-hua, YANG A-li, WANG Fang, LI Xiao-ming, ZHANG Zhuo-shi. Characteristics of Substance use and its Core Contributing Factors among Reform School Students in Southwest of China[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2009, 25(4): 101-108.

参考文献

[1] 谢冬怡,布坤涛,梁筱健等.佛山市青少年吸烟饮酒和成瘾类药物滥用行为调查.中国校医,2007,21(5):523-526.
[2] 支愧云,陈永进.青少年学生吸烟饮酒及其他药物使用的现状调查.中国健康教育,2008,24(2):95-98.
[3] 罗春燕,彭宁宁,朱蔚等.上海市青少年危险行为现状研究—吸烟、饮酒与易成瘾药物使用情况.中国校医,2003,17(2):104-107.
[4] 方晓义,郑宇,林丹华.家庭诸因素与青少年吸烟行为的关系.心理学报,2001,33(3):244-250.
[5] 左俊英,王红,周铌等.武汉市中学生饮酒状况及其影响因素调查.医学与社会,2001,14(3):10-12.
[6] 张洪波,应焱燕,陶芳标等.安徽省中学生危害健康行为与美国中学生的比较.中国行为医学科学,2001,10(3):226-228.
[7] 星一,季成叶,潘永平等.北京市中学生使用烟草、酒精等成瘾性物质状况.中国学校卫生,2005,26(1):18-19.
[8] 宋诗权,周晓露.中学生吸毒现象触目惊心.中国青年研究2000,1:41-42.
[9] 罗健,杨芳,张存敏等.云南省4020名中学生药物Π物质使用情况的流行病学调查分析.中国药物依赖性杂志,2005,14(3):219-222.
[10] 卫生部履行《烟草控制框架公约》领导小组办公室.2008年中国控制吸烟报告-禁止烟草广告和促销,确保无烟青春好年华.中国健康教育,2009,25(1):61-63.
[11] 方晓义,董奇.青少年饮酒行为的研究.心理科学,2001,24 (4):478.
[12] Prochaska J,Spring B,Nigg C.Multiple health behavior change research:an introduction and overview.Preventive Medicine,2008,46:181-188.
[13] Wang J,Deng X,Wang J et al.Substance use,sexual behaviors, and suicidal ideation and attempts among adolescents:finding from the 2004 Guangzhou youth risk behavior survey.Public Health,2009,123:116-121.
[14] 李跃进,张麓曾,田丹等.辽宁省五城市校外青少年吸烟现状调查.中国健康教育,2009,1:20-22.
[15] 教育部:http://www.moe.edu.cnΠedoasΠwebsite18/40/info33540 1htm.
[16] 方晓义,李晓铭,董奇.青少年吸烟及其相关因素的研究.中国心理卫生杂志,1996,10(2):77-80.
[17] Prochaska J.Multiple health behavior research represents the future of preventive medicine.Preventive Medicine,2008,46:281-285.
[18] Guerra N,Bradshaw C.Youth at risk:Core competencies to prevent problem behaviors and promote positive youth development.New York:New directions in child and adolescent development,in press.
[19] Kim T,Guerra N,Williams K.Preventing youth problem behaviors and enhancing physical health by promoting core competencies. Journal of Adolescent Health,2008,43:401-407.
[20] Ham Ok,Yoo J.Mediating effects of self-efficacy in the transtheoretical model among adolescent male smokers in Korea.Asian Nursing Research,2009,3(1):15-23.
[21] Santor D,Messervey D,Kusumakar V.Measuring peer pressure, popularity,and conformity in adolescent boys and girls:predicting school performance,sexual attitudes,and substance abuse.Journal of Youth and Adolescence,2000,29(2):163-182.
[22] Macek P,Jezek S.Adolescents'assessments of parents and peers: relationships to self-esteem and self-efficacy.Ceskoslovenska Psychologie, 2007,51:26-36.
[23] Wills T,Frederick X,Gerrard G et al.Family communication and religiosity related to substance use and sexual behavior in early adolescence: A test for pathways through self-Control and prototype perceptions.Psychology of Addictive Behaviors,2003,17(4):312-323.
[24] 美国年轻人危险行为监测系统(YRBSS).http://www.cdc.gov/Healthy Youth/yrbs/index.htm.
[25] 钟娅,杨汴生,何健等.河南省青少年吸烟饮酒与易成瘾药物使用行为研究.中国校医,2007,21(5):496-4981
[26] 刘艳梅,许能锋,杨友生.福州市中学生饮酒状况调查.中国学校卫生,1997,18(2):100.
[27] 廖龙辉.当前青少年吸毒行为现状及其成因的社会学分析.青年探索,2001,4:48-52.
[28] Watkins J,Howard-Barr E,Moore M et al.The mediating role of adolescent self 2efficacy in the relationship between parental practices and adolescent alcohol use.Journal of Adolescent Health,2006,38:448-450.

多维度评价

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed