幼儿是如何通过错误信念任务的:信念还是规则?

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 旨在研究错误信念任务的有效性。采用真实信念(TB)任务和错误信念(FB)任务,以知否问题和想法问题为检测指标,通过比较儿童在FB和TB任务上的表现,本研究发现4～6岁儿童在知否问题上存在正确反应、忽略推断和“是”反应偏差三种反应模式。儿童通过FB任务的方式也有三类:基于信念、基于规则,以及其它(可能是猜测或其它未知策略)。儿童在知否问题与想法问题上的通过率并无显著差异。

关键词: 心理理论, 错误信念任务, 真实信念任务, 规则

Abstract: This study is designed to explore the validity of false belief task.False belief task and true belief task were adopted, know-questions and think-questions were used as indicators, 4 to 6 year-old children were used as subjects.The following results were obtained: (1) there were three response patterns on know-questions, which were correct, neglect inference and "yes" bias; (2) there were also three ways to pass FB task, which were belief-based, rule-based and others (guessing or other unknown strategies); (3) there was no significant difference between the passing rate of know-question and think-question.

Key words: theory of mind, false belief task, true belief task, rule

李晓东, 周双珠. 幼儿是如何通过错误信念任务的:信念还是规则?[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2007, 23(3): 1-5.

LI Xiao-dong, ZHOU Shuang-zhu. How Do children Pass False Belief Task:Beliefs or Rules?[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2007, 23(3): 1-5.

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