摘要： 所谓元认知(metacognition)是指相对认知(cognition)和再认(recognition)更高层次的心理加工形式。有人把它看作是关于自己认知系统如何工作的知识水平(lesgold,A.1989)。近年来这方面的研究较多,为认知心理学和发展心理学所重视。美国NotreDame大学心理学家Borkowski,J.G.(1987)基于大量对特殊儿童(包括天才、弱智、学习无能儿童)的研究,给出一明确实在的元认知模型。他把元认知理解成几个互相依赖成份的组合体,证明这些成份均具有独特(唯一)的发展规律,它们分别接受经验和教育的影响,它们对解释常态和特殊儿童学习和记忆操作的差异起着不同的作用。
| [1] Borkowski, J.G.(1987),MetacoJntion and Executive Control in Cognition in Special Children; Comparative Approaches to Retardation Learning Disabilities, and Giftedness,Ablex Publishing Corporation Norwood, New Jersey. [2] Borkowski, J,G, (1987),Research vrith Special Children; Issues,Definitions, and Methodologies,in Cognition in Special Children.Norwood. [3] Brown, A.I,.e1 al.(1989),Instructin, Comprhension Fostering Active in Interactive Learning Situation,in Learning and Comprehension of Texts,NJ.Erlbanm. [4] Davidson, J.E.&Sternberg, R,J.(1985),The Role of Insight in Intelletual Giitedness,in Gift Child Quarterly. [5] Justices E.M.(1988),Metamemory Development in the Mentally Ret,rded; Research and Implications,in Internatiopal Review of Research in Mental Retardation.Hillsdale NJ.Erlbaum. [6] Lesgold, A,et al.(1989),Foundations for a Psychology of Education by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc,365 Broadway. |
| No related articles found! |
|
||
