身体部位心理旋转的认知与神经机制

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2019.03.16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 除了经典的对于抽象几何图形或字母的心理旋转任务，还有一类心理旋转以手、脚等身体部位图片作为反应刺激。在身体部位心理旋转中，被试一般想象的是自身身体旋转，想象过程受当前身体姿势与身体生理局限性的影响。而在客体心理旋转中，被试往往将刺激作为外在的客体进行想象旋转。两类心理旋转任务都被发现存在顶叶区域的激活，但运动相关皮层的激活更多地在身体部位心理旋转任务中被发现。关于儿童身体部位心理旋转与实际运动的联系紧密性的讨论尚未得到一致的结论，未来研究需要继续探讨随着年龄增长，身体部位心理旋转受生理局限性的影响是增强还是减弱。身体图片加工的自动性，身体部位心理旋转的可塑性也是未来研究可以深入探讨的问题。对于身体部位心理旋转的深入了解也有助于这一任务在临床诊断治疗、运动员与飞行员训练和选拔中的应用。

关键词: 心理旋转, 身体部位, 表象, 运动表象

Abstract: Apart from the classical mental rotation task of abstract figures or letters, there is another kind of mental rotation task using hand, foot or other body part images as the stimuli. In the mental rotation of body parts, subjects usually imagine their own body rotating, which is affected by their current postures and biomechanical constraints. In the mental rotation of objects, subjects often imagine stimuli rotating as external objects. Parietal lobe is involved in both types of mental rotation, while the activation of motor-related cortex is mostly found in body-part mental rotation. Discussions concerning how the relationship between mental rotation and physical movement of the body part develops during childhood has not yet come to a conclusion. Future research needs to continue to explore whether the influence of biomechanical constraints on body-part mental rotation is strenghened or weakened as the age increases. The automatical recognition of body images and the plasticity of body-part mental rotation are also issues that can be further explored in the future. Further understanding of body-part mental rotation is also helpful to the application of this task in clinical diagnosis and treatment, as well as training and selection of athletes and pilots.

Key words: mental rotation, body parts, mental imagery, motor imagery

中图分类号:

B844

陈嘉玲, 胡清芬. 身体部位心理旋转的认知与神经机制[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2019, 35(3): 376-384.

CHEN Jialing, HU Qingfen. The Cognitive and Neural Mechanism of Body-part Mental Rotation[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2019, 35(3): 376-384.

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