Psychological Development and Education ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 109-116.doi: 10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2025.01.12

Previous Articles    

The Relationship between Negative Life Events and Internet Addiction in Junior Middle School Students: The Roles of Social Anxiety and Boredom Proneness

ZHOU Ziyan1, HU Xiao1, ZHANG Yilin1, SU Ruilin1, XIN Sufei1,2,3, SHENG Liang1,2,3   

  1. 1. School of Educational Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025;
    2. Laboratory of Intelligent Analysis on Big Data of Adolescent Behaviors, Yantai 264025;
    3. Collaborative Innovation Center for the Mental Health of Youth from the Era of Conversion of New and Old Kinetic Energy along the Yellow River Basin, Yantai 264025
  • Published:2025-01-22

Abstract: This study investigated the relationship between negative life events and Internet addiction among 3880 junior middle school students and examined the chain mediating effect of social anxiety and boredom proneness. The results showed that: (1) Negative life events can significantly and positively predict Internet addiction among junior middle school students; (2) Social anxiety and boredom proneness partially mediated the relationship between negative life events and Internet addiction, respectively; (3) Negative life events can also indirectly predict Internet addiction through the chain mediating effect of social anxiety and boredom proneness. Combined with the above findings and based on the modified Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model of Internet addicton and the group characteristics of junior middle school students, the present study revealed the internal mechanism of negative environmental factors on junior middle school students’ Internet addiction and important practical implications for intervention work.

Key words: negative life events, Internet addiction, social anxiety, boredom proneness, junior middle school students

CLC Number: 

  • B844
Brand, M., Young, K. S., Laier, C., Wölfling, K., & Potenza, M. N. (2016). Integrating psychological and neurobiological considerations regarding the development and maintenance of specific Internet-use disorders: An Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model.Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 71, 252-266.
Chi, X., Hong, X., & Chen, X. (2020). Profiles and sociodemographic correlates of Internet addiction in early adolescents in southern China.Addictive Behaviors, 106, 106385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106385
Davis, R. A. (2001). A cognitive-behavioral model of pathological interact use.Computers in Human Behavior, 17, 187-195.
Guo, L., Luo, M., Wang, W. X., Huang, G. L., Xu, Y., Gao, X., … Zhang, W. H. (2018). Association between problematic Internet use, sleep disturbance, and suicidal behavior in Chinese adolescents.Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 7(4), 965-975.
Huber, F. A., Kell, P. A., Kuhn, B. L., Lannon, E. W., Palit, S., Payne, M. F., … Rhudy, J. L.(2022). The association between adverse life events, psychological stress, and pain-promoting affect and cognitions in native Americans: Results from the Oklahoma study of native American pain risk. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, 9(1), 215-226.
Jia, J., Li, D., Li, X., Zhou, Y., Wang, Y., Sun, W., & Zhao, L. (2018). Peer victimization and adolescent internet addiction: The mediating role of psychological security and the moderating role of teacher-student relationships.Computers in Human Behavior, 85, 116-124.
Kardefelt-Winther, D. (2014). A conceptual and methodological critique of internet addiction research: Towards a model of compensatory internet use.Computers in Human Behavior, 31(2014), 351-354.
Leary, M. R. (1983). Social anxiousness: The construct and its measurement.Journal of Personality Assessment, 47, 66-75.
Lee, F. K., & Zelman, D. C. (2019). Boredom proneness as a predictor of depression, anxiety and stress: The moderating effects of dispositional mindfulness.Personality and Individual Differences, 146, 68-75.
Li, D., Zhang, W., Li, X., Zhen, S., & Wang, Y. (2010). Stressful life events and problematic Internet use by adolescent females and males: A mediated moderation model.Computers in Human Behavior, 26(5), 1199-1207.
Li, D., Zhang, W., Li, X., Zhou, Y., Zhao, L., & Wang, Y. (2016). Stressful life events and adolescent Internet addiction: The mediating role of psychological needs satisfaction and the moderating role of coping style.Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 408-415.
Li, J., Chen, Y., Lu, J., Li, W., & Yu, C. (2021). Self-control, consideration of future consequences, and Internet addiction among Chinese adolescents: The moderating effect of deviant peer affiliation.International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(17), 9026. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179026
Li, S., Zhang, H., Cheng, L., Wang, X., & Sitahong, R. (2020). Negative life events and Internet addiction among Mainland Chinese teenagers and young adults: A meta-analysis.Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 48(10), 1-10.
Morrison, A. S., & Heimberg, R. G. (2013). Social anxiety and social anxiety disorder.Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 9, 249-274.
Rokeach, B., & Sandra, J. (1998). A theory of media power and a theory of media use: Different stories, questions, and ways of thinking. Mass Communication and Society, 1(1-2), 5-40.
Schwartze, M. M., Frenzel, A. C., Goetz, T., Pekrun, R., Reck, C., Marx, A. K. G., & Fiedler, D. (2021). Boredom makes me sick: Adolescents’ boredom trajectories and their health-related quality of life.International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(12), 6308. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126308
Sommers, J., & Vodanovich, S. J. (2000). Boredom proneness: Its relationship to psychological- and physical-health symptoms.Journal of Clinical Psychology, 56(1), 149-155.
Stankovic, M., Nešic, M., Cicevic, S., & Shi, Z. (2021). Association of smartphone use with depression, anxiety, stress, sleep quality, and internet addiction. Empirical evidence from a smartphone application.Personality and Individual Differences, 168(5), 110342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110342
Struk, A. A., Carriere, J. S., Cheyne, J. A., & Danckert, J. A. (2017). Shortboredom proneness scale. Assessment, 24(3), 346-359.
Tam, K. Y. Y., van Tilburg, W. A. P., Chan, C. S., Igou, E. R., & Lau, H. (2021). Attention drifting in and out: The boredom feedback model.Personality and Social Psychology Review, 25(3), 251-272.
Vodanovich, S. J., Wallace, J. C., & Kass, S. J. (2005). A confirmatory approach to the factor structure of the Boredom Proneness Scale: Evidence for a two-factor short form.Journal of Personality Assessment, 85, 295-303.
Wang, Z., Yang, X., & Zhang, X. (2020). Relationships among boredom proneness, sensation seeking and smartphone addiction among Chinese college students: Mediating roles of pastime, flow experience and self-regulation.Technology in Society, 62, 101319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101319
Wegmann, E., Ostendorf, S., & Brand, M. (2018). Is it beneficial to use Internet-communication for escaping from boredom? Boredom proneness interacts with cue-induced craving and avoidance expectancies in explaining symptoms of Internet-communication disorder. PLoS ONE, 12, e0195742. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195742
Weidman, A. C., Fernandez, K. C., Levinson, C. A., Augustine, A. A., Larsen, R. J., & Rodebaugh, T. L. (2012). Compensatory internet use among individuals higher in social anxiety and its implications for well-being.Personality and Individual Differences, 53(3), 191-195.
Weinstein, A., Dorani, D., Elhadif, R., Bukovza, Y., Yarmulnik, A., & Dannon, P. (2015). Internet addiction is associated with social anxiety in young adults. Annals of Clinical Psychiatry, 27(1), 4-9.
Xiao, W., Zhou, H., Li, X., & Lin, X. (2021). Why are individuals with alexithymia symptoms more likely to have mobile phone addiction? The multiple mediating roles of social interaction anxiousness and boredom proneness.Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 14, 1631-1641.
Young, K. S. (1998). Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder.Cyber Psychology and Behavior, 1(3), 237-244.
楚啸原, 龙杰, 雷雳. (2020). 社交焦虑与网络游戏过度使用: 自我补偿动机的中介作用和外倾性的调节作用. 心理科学, 43(4), 943-949.
冯廷勇, 王雪珂, 苏缇. (2021). 拖延行为的发展认知机制及神经基础. 心理科学进展, 29(4), 586-596.
高文斌, 陈祉妍. (2006). 网络成瘾病理心理机制及综合心理干预研究. 心理科学进展, 14(4), 596-603.
雷雳. (2012). 青少年“网络成瘾”干预的实证基础. 心理科学进展, 20(6), 791-797.
李大林, 黄梅, 陈维, 吴文峰. (2019). 生活事件对初中生抑郁的影响: 自尊和反刍思维的链式中介作用. 心理发展与教育, 35(3), 352-359.
李晓敏, 辛铁钢, 尚文晶, 刘勇, 杜玉凤, 吕丽霞, 李宝芬. (2016). 简版无聊倾向量表在大学生群体中的试用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 24(6), 1029-1033.
林杰才, 巫颖, 党彩萍. (2020). 反刍思维在大学生负性生活事件与社交焦虑之间的中介作用. 心理月刊, 15(23), 4-5+13.
刘超, 刘丽, 张绣蕊. (2022). 后疫情时代高校学生心理健康现状研究. 西部素质教育, 8(4), 95-97.
孙翠翠. (2022). 一“网”打尽的学习?——初中生网络成瘾对学业成绩的影响. 中小学心理健康教育, (28), 24-27.
田志鹏, 刘勇, 滕召军. (2014). 中学生无聊倾向特点及其与自恋、主观幸福感的关系. 中国临床心理学杂志, 22(6), 1062-1067.
童媛添, 连帅磊, 孙晓军, 邱晓雯. (2019). 无聊倾向对手机成瘾的影响: 有调节的中介效应分析. 中国临床心理学杂志, 27(6), 1115-1120.
王建平, 李董平, 张卫. (2010). 家庭经济困难与青少年社会适应的关系: 应对效能的补偿、中介和调节效应. 北京师范大学学报(社会科学版), (4), 22-32.
温忠麟, 范息涛, 叶宝娟, 陈宇帅. (2016). 从效应量应有的性质看中介效应量的合理性. 心理学报, 48(4), 435-443.
尤清秀, 秦亚平. (2020). 青少年羞怯对社交焦虑的影响: 自我接纳和评价恐惧的多重中介作用. 心理技术与应用, 8(12), 755-762.
俞国良, 张亚利. (2021). 青少年无聊的心理效应与应对——心理健康视角. 山西师大学报(社会科学版), 48(4), 95-101.
张亚利, 李森, 俞国良. (2020). 述情障碍与青少年攻击行为: 无聊倾向的中介作用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 28(2), 383-386.
张一林, 周姿言, 刘雨佳, 辛素飞. (2022). 无聊倾向对青少年网络成瘾的影响: 一个有调节的中介模型, 心理与行为研究, 20(3), 419-425.
[1] WANG Enna, XIA Mengya, QU Diyang, ZHANG Junjie, LIANG Kaixin, XIAO Jialin, CHI Xinli. The Effect of Prototypical Family Functioning Trajectories on Junior High School Students’ Internet Addiction: The Mediating Role of Resilience [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(6): 853-864.
[2] LI Wenhui, WANG Jiale, ZU Jing, LI Chan. An Analysis of Cross-lagged on the Relationship between Social Anxiety, Self-control and Loneliness of Primary School Students [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(5): 687-694.
[3] ZHANG Ye, ZHANG Shanshan, BAI Dongmei, LIU Zhihong. The Relationship between Campus Interpersonal Exclusion and Adolescents’ Suicidal Ideation: The Role of Fear of Negative Evaluation and Social Anxiety [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(4): 563-571.
[4] QUAN Fangying, LEI Xiaofang, LIANG Binqi, WANG Lu, LI Honghan. Fear of Negative Evaluation and Problematic Mobile Phone Use: The Serial Mediating Effect of Social Anxiety and Loneliness [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(3): 412-420.
[5] ZHANG Lu, SUN Shan, YOU Zhiqi. The Effect of Internet Addiction on Academic Stress among College Students: The Mediating Role of Sleep Quality and Self-control [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(2): 279-287.
[6] QIN Yao, PENG Yunshi. The Effect of Parenting Styles on Social Anxiety in Junior High School Students: The Chain Mediated Role of Rumination and Peer Acceptance [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(1): 103-113.
[7] LU Cuiping, ZHENG Xifu. Low Self-esteem or High'Other-esteem’? Differential Nature of Implicit Self-esteem in High and Low Socially Anxious Individuals: Evidence from EAST Study [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(6): 808-816.
[8] PENG Haiyun, SHENG Liang, QIU Fanshuo, ZHOU Ziyan, XIN Sufei. Psychological Burden Reduction Starts from Dealing with Boredom: The Influencing Mechanism of Boredom Proneness on Subjective Well-being among Adolescents [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(6): 895-902.
[9] XIN Sufei, WANG Jinrui, PENG Haiyun, XU Liuqing, ZHANG Yilin, SHENG Liang. The Influence of Negative Life Events on Adolescent Anxiety: The Perspective of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(5): 710-717.
[10] ZHANG Wen, WANG Zhenhong. The Relationship between Negative Life Events and the Internalizing Problems among Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Social Support and the Moderating Role of Parent-adolescent Cohesion [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(5): 718-725.
[11] CHEN Bizhong, ZHENG Xue, SUN Xiaojun. The Relationship between Problematic Social Media Use and Online Social Anxiety: The Roles of Social Media Cognitive Overload and Dispositional Mindfulness [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(5): 743-751.
[12] HE Anming, ZHANG Yurui, HUI Qiuping. The Relationship between Gratitude and Social Well-being in College Students: The Mediating Role of Phubbing and the Moderating Role of Negative Life Events [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(4): 505-512.
[13] YU Haoxue, LI Hui, WANG Fuxing. The Relationship between Belief in a Just World and Learning Burnout in Undergraduates: The Mediating Role of Coping Style and Boredom Proneness [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(3): 391-401.
[14] FENG Quansheng, ZHOU Zongkui, SUN Xiaojun, ZHANG Yanhong, LIAN Shuailei. Negative Life Events and Internalizing Problem of Junior Middle School Students: Mediating of Rumination and Moderating of Peer Attachment [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(3): 419-428.
[15] CHU Xiaoyuan, CHU Ziqiang, WANG Qi, JI Shutian, LEI Li. Parent-child Attachment Avoidance and Smartphone Dependency for Junior School Students in Rural Areas: The Mediating Role of Social Anxiety and the Moderating Role of Family Financial Difficulty [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(2): 192-199.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!