Psychological Development and Education ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 472-480.doi: 10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2021.04.03

Previous Articles     Next Articles

The Effect of Face Clues on Real and Cartoon Face Memory of 4~6-year-olds

ZHENG Chenye1,2, HUANG Yan1,4, WANG Jingmei1,3, JIANG Cundui5, LU Yingjun1,3   

  1. 1. Institute of Child Study, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou 310012;
    2. Zhejiang Beishan Kindergarten, Hangzhou 310000;
    3. Lab of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Hangzhou College for Preschool Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou 310012;
    4. Shaoxing Qiujin Middle School, Shaoxing 312000;
    5. Hangzhou Binjiang District Platinum Coast Preschool Education Group, Hangzhou 310000
  • Published:2021-07-26

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Abstract: A comparative study of memory clues between real face and cartoon face can deepen the understanding of children's face recognition mechanism. With paradigm of learning-recognition and stimuli of internal-clue-face, external-clue-face and whole face, the effect of clues on preschoolers' real and cartoon face memory was explored in the present study. The results showed that:(1) females' real face recognition was significantly better than cartoon face recognition; (2) males' cartoon face recognition was better than females'; (3) for real face, recognition of whole face was significantly better than internal-clue-face and external-clue-face; for cartoon face, recognition of external-clue-face was best, followed by whole face and then internal-clue-face; (4) recognition of external-clue-face and internal-clue-face increased by age, and 6-year-olds' were significantly better than 4-year-olds'. To sum up, there was difference in children's memory pattern of real face and cartoon face; face category, gender, face clue and age all influence preschoolers' face memory.

Key words: preschooler, real face, cartoon face, face clue, face memory

CLC Number: 

  • B844
Andrews, T. J., Davies-thompson, J., Kingstone, A., & Young, A. W. (2010). Internal and external features of the face are represented holistically in face-selective regions of visual cortex. Journal of Neuroscience, 30(9), 3544-3552.
Bartrip, J., Morton, J., & Schonen, S. D. (2001). Responses to mother's face in 3-week to 5-month-old infants. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 19(2), 219-232.
Bonner, L., & Burton, M. (2004). 7-11-year-old children show an advantage for matching and recognizing the internal features of familiar faces:Evidence against a developmental shift. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 57(6), 1019-1029.
Bushnell, I. W. R., Sai, F., & Mullin, J. T. (1989). Neonatal recognition of the mother's face. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 7(1), 3-15.
Campbell, R., & Tuck, M. (1995). Recognition of parts of famous-face photographs by children:An experimental note. Perception, 24(4), 451-456.
Chen, H., Russell, R., Nakayama, K., & Livingstone, M. (2010). Crossing the ‘uncanny valley’:Adaptation to cartoon faces can influence perception of human faces. Perception, 39(3), 378-386.
Clutterbuck, R., & Johnston, R. A. (2002). Exploring levels of face familiarity by using an indirect face-matching measure. Perception, 31(8), 985-994.
Clutterbuck, R., & Johnston, R. A. (2004). Demonstrating the acquired familiarity of faces by using a gender-decision task. Perception, 33(2), 159-168.
Clutterbuck, R., & Johnston, R. A. (2005). Demonstrating how unfamiliar faces become familiar using a face matching task. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 17(1), 97-116.
Connellan, J., Baron-cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Batki, A., & Ahluwalia, J. (2001). Sex differences in human neonatal social perception. Infant Behavior and Development, 23(1), 113-118.
Diamond, R., & Carey, S. (1977). Developmental changes in the representation of faces. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 23(1), 1-22.
Ellis, H. D., Shepherd, J. W., & Davies, G. M. (1979). Identification of familiar and unfamiliar faces from internal and external features:Some implications for theories of face recognition. Perception, 8(4), 431-439.
Flin, R. H. (1985). Development of face recognition:An encoding switch? British Journal of Psychology, 76(1), 123-134.
Freire, A., & Lee, K. (2001). Face recognition in 4-to 7-year-olds:Processing of configural, featural, and paraphernalia information. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 80(4), 347-371.
Geldart, S., Maurer, D., & Henderson, H. (2016). Effects of the height of the internal features of faces on adults' aesthetic ratings and 5-month-olds' looking times. Perception, 21(3), 361-374.
Gilad-Gutnick, S., Harmatz, E. S., Yovel, G., & Sinha, P. (2011). Recognizing facial slivers. Journal of Vision, 11(11), 667-677.
Haan, E. H. F. D., & Kollenburg, E. N. M. (2005). Lateralised processing of the internal and the external facial features of personally familiar and unfamiliar faces:A visual half-field study. Cognitive Processing, 6(3), 189-195.
Johnston, R. A., & Edmonds, A. J. (2009). Familiar and unfamiliar face recognition:A review. Memory, 17(5), 577-596.
Kramer, R. S. S., Manesi, Z., Towler, A., Reynolds, M. G., & Burton, A. M. (2018). Familiarity and within-person facial variability:The importance of the internal and external features. Perception, 47(1), 3-15.
Lewin, C., & Herlitz, A. (2002). Sex differences in face recognition-women's faces make the difference. Brain and Cognition, 50(1), 121-128.
Mar, R. A., Kelley, W. M., Heatherton, T. F., & Macrae, C. N. (2007). Detecting agency from the biological motion of veridical vs animated agents. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 2(3), 199-205.
Megreya, A. M., & Bindemann, M. (2009). Revisiting the processing of internal and external features of unfamiliar faces:The headscarf effect. Perception, 38(12), 1831-1848.
Miyahara, M., Bray, A., Tsujii, M., Fujita, C., & Sugiyama, T. (2007). Reaction time of facial affect recognition in asperger's disorder for cartoon and real, static and moving faces. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 38(2), 121-134.
Mondloch, C. J., Grand, R. L., & Maurer, D. (2002). Configural face processing develops more slowly than featural face processing. Perception, 31(5), 553-566.
O'Donnell, C., & Bruce, V. (2001). Familiarisation with faces selectively enhances sensitivity to changes made to the eyes. Perception, 30(6), 755-764.
Olivares, E. I., & Iglesias, J. (2010). Brain potential correlates of the "internal features advantage" in face recognition. Biological Psychology, 83(2), 133-142.
Pascalis, O., Schonen, S. D., Morton, J., Deruelle, C., & Fabre-Grenet, M. (1995). Mother's face recognition by neonates:A replication and an extension. Infant Behavior and Development, 18(1), 79-85.
Rehnman, J., & Herlitz, A. (2007). Women remember more faces than men do. Acta Psychologica, 124(3), 344-355.
Rosset, D. B., Rondan, C., Fonseca, D. D., Santos, A., Assouline, B., & Deruelle, C. (2008). Typical emotion processing for cartoon but not for real faces in children with autistic spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38(5), 919-925.
Ryan, K. F., & Gauthier, I. (2016). Gender differences in recognition of toy faces suggest a contribution of experience. Vision Research, 129(12), 69-76.
Tong, F., Nakayama, K., Moscovitch, M., Weinrib, O., & Kanwisher, N. (2000). Response properties of the human fusiform face area. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 17(1), 257-279.
Turati, C., Macchi, C. V., Simion, F., & Leo, I. (2006). Newborns' face recognition:Role of inner and outer facial features. Child Development, 77(2), 297-311.
Want, S. C., Pascalis, O., Coleman, M., & Blades, M. (2003). Recognizing people from the inner or outer parts of their faces:Developmental data concerning ‘unfamiliar’ faces. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 21(1), 125-135.
Wright, D. B., & Sladden, B. (2003). An own gender bias and the importance of hair in face recognition. Acta Psychologica, 114(1), 101-114.
Young, A. W., Hay, D. C., Mcweeny, K. H., Flude, B. M., & Ellis, A. W. (1985). Matching familiar and unfamiliar faces on internal and external features. Perception, 14(6), 737-746.
程蕾. (2012).5、7、9岁儿童自我面孔的认知发展特点(博士学位论文). 西南大学, 重庆.
韩世辉, 蒋毅, 许晓婧, Humphreys, G.W. (2007). 儿童观看卡通片激活内侧前额皮层. 科学通报, 52(19), 2283-2286.
吕勇, 刘亚平, 罗跃嘉. (2011). 记忆面孔,男女有别:关于面孔再认性别差异的行为与ERP研究. 科学通报, 56(14), 1112-1123.
陆卫红, 葛列众, 李宏汀. (2004). 面孔认知的事件相关电位研究进展. 人类工效学, 10(2), 26-28.
倪瑞凤. (2013). 动画片对儿童情感品质影响的研究(硕士论文学位). 南京师范大学.
王玲, 王静梅, 王军利, 卢英俊. (2012). 卡通面孔与真实面孔识别的ERP比较研究. 心理研究, 5(5), 19-28.
王乾东, 胡超, 傅根跃. (2013). 幼儿面孔加工异族效应的眼动研究.心理学报, 45(2), 169-178.
王哲, 葛列众, 袁中庆. (2010). 5岁儿童对熟悉面孔的特征信息识别. 心理科学, 33(1), 122-125.
赵倩, 王静梅, 徐侃鸿, 卢英俊. (2013). 不同任务情境中5~6岁儿童卡通面孔加工的眼动研究. 心理发展与教育, 29(5), 457-465.
[1] XIE Qingbin, LIN Siting, CHEN Zekai, XU Yao, LI Yan. Interaction between Behavioral Self-regulation and Social Adjustment in 4~5 Years Old Children: The Inhibitory Effect of Unsociability [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2025, 41(6): 770-776.
[2] XING Shufen, BAI Rong, LIU Xia, LI Sen. Combined Effects of Maternal Rejection and Dopaminergic Polygenes on Externalizing Behavior in Preschoolers: A Proximal Mechanism of Effortful Control [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2025, 41(4): 518-527.
[3] LIU Qianwen, GAO Hanjing, WANG Zhenhong. The Interaction Effect of Parent-child Relationships and the CLOCK rs1801260 Polymorphism on Preschoolers’ Prosocial Behaviors: The Moderating Role of Sex [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(5): 625-635.
[4] ZHANG Wenjie, HUANG Zijun, TAN Peixia, FAN Wei, ZHONG Yiping. Who Are Young Children More Likely to Lie for? The Influence of Different Beneficiaries on Lying Behavior among Preschoolers Aged 5～6 Years [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(3): 316-323.
[5] YAN Zhiqiang, ZHOU Ke, ZENG Xiao, XU Hui, ZHU Xiaoqian, ZHANG Juan. The Relationship between Preschooler’s Executive Function and Aggressive Behavior: The Mediation Effect of Cognitive Empathy [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(6): 788-797.
[6] ZHANG Wenjie, FAN Zeng, LI Lei, LIU Yi, ZHONG Yiping. The Influence of Recipients' Conventional Rule and Resource Neediness on Sharing Behavior among Preschoolers at Age of 5～6 [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(4): 465-472.
[7] NIU Xiang, RAN Guangming. The Association between Peer Relationship and Preschoolers' Problem Behavior: A Three-level Meta-analysis [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(4): 473-487.
[8] LIU Xiaojie, LI Yan. The Influence of Mother's Perception of Coparenting on Behavior Problems among Preschoolers: A Moderated Mediation Model [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(5): 626-634.
[9] BAI Rong, YAN Rong, WANG Qian, LI Ye, XING Shufen. The Relationships between Executive Functions and Problem Behavior: Situational Specificity and Gender Differences [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(1): 35-44.
[10] LI Zhanxing, ZHU Liqi. Can It Be Owner? Young Children's Understanding of Ownership Agents [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(4): 465-471.
[11] SHI Fangting, ZHENG Chenye, YAN Xiulin, LU Lu, WANG Jingmei, DI Bo, LU Yingjun. An Eye-movement Research on 5~6-year-old Children's Recognition of Cartoon Faces in Different Culture Backgrounds [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(3): 323-334.
[12] WANG Jiale, ZHANG Hui, YANG Min. The Effect of Emotional Valence and Facial Type on Children's Inattentional Blindness [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(2): 153-158.
[13] LUO Shilan, ZHANG Dajun, LIU Yunyan. Family Socioeconomic Status and Preschoolers' Good Behavior Habits: Mediating Effects of Parenting Style and Preschoolers' Psychological Suzhi [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(1): 26-33.
[14] WANG Su, GAI Xiaosong. Development Trends and Gender Differences of Cool and Hot Self-regulation for Children Aged 3~4—A Longitudinal Study [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2020, 36(6): 641-648.
[15] LIU Xiaoshi, LIU Shihong, MO Bibo, LI Dan, FU Rui. Extroversion and Aggressive Behavior in Early Childhood: Moderating Effects of Self-control and Maternal Warmth [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2020, 36(5): 538-544.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
Copyright 2018 © Editorial office of Psychological Development and Education
Supported by Beijing Magtech Co.Ltd