Psychological Development and Education ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 17-25.doi: 10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2022.01.03

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Age Alters the Effects of Emotional Valence on the Cognitive Mechanisms Underlying False Memory

GUO Ying1, XIAO Hongrui2, GONG Xianmin3, WANG Dahua1   

  1. 1. Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875;
    2. Beijing Luhe High School, Beijing 101100;
    3. Stanley Ho Big Data Decision Analytics Research Centre(BDDA) & Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077
  • Published:2022-02-17

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Abstract: Using categorical pictures with positive, negative and neutral valence, we applied a modified version of the simplified conjoint recognition paradigm, combined with a statistical method of multinomial processing tree model to 28 old adults (aged 67.95±4.70 years) and 29 (aged 22.60±2.74 years) younger adults so as to investigate how age alters the effects of emotional valence on the cognitive mechanisms underlying false memory. The behavioral results revealed significant age-related differences in emotional false "remembering". Specifically, both age groups showed higher rates of false "remembering" for negative related probes, but only old adults showed higher rates of false "remembering" for positive related probes. The cognitive mechanism underlying the observed "positivity effects" in false "remembering" among old adults stemmed from the process of phantom recollection, as positive valence promotes the process of phantom recollection only in old adults, but not in younger adults.

Key words: false memory, emotional valence, old adults, multinomial process tree model, phantom recollection

CLC Number: 

  • B844
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