Psychological Development and Education ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 120-127.doi: 10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2018.01.15

Previous Articles    

Connectedness to Nature: Conceptualization, Measurements and Promotion

LI Yiming1, LI Jian2,3, WU Fanghui4   

  1. 1. Faculty of Primary Education, Beijing Institute of Education, Beijing 100011;
    2. Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875;
    3. Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, Beijing, 100875;
    4. Beijing Educational Inspector Research and Training Center, Beijing Institute of Education, Beijing 100011
  • Online:2018-01-15 Published:2018-01-15

Abstract: Connectedness to nature refers to the extent to which individuals identify themselves as a part of nature and are emotionally connected to nature. It reflects the quality of relationships between human and nature. Extant studies showed that connectedness to nature is significantly associated with individuals' physical and mental health, cognitive development, and their environmental awareness, and could be built or strengthened through cognitive learning and emotional experiences. Future research should verify the conceptualization and structure of connectedness to nature, and further explore the psychological mechanisms behind its development. Moreover, theoretical research could be combined with educational practice so that more longitudinal and intervention studies could be conducted. Lastly, researchers could consider to study connectedness to nature in other areas of psychological research.

Key words: connectedness to nature, development, physical and mental health, environmental awareness

Aron, A., Aron, E. N., Tudor, M., & Nelson, G. (1991). Close relationships as including other in the self. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60(2), 241-253.

Atchley, R. A., Strayer, D. L., & Atchley, P. (2012). Creativity in the wild:Improving creative reasoning through immersion in natural settings. Plos One,7.

Berman, M. G., Jonides, J., & Kaplan, S. (2008). The cognitive benefits of interacting with nature. Psychological Science, 19(12), 1207-1212.

Berman, M. G., Kross, E., Krpan, K. M., Askren, M. K., Burson, A., Deldin, P. J., et al. (2012). Interaction with nature improves cognition and affect for individuals with depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 140(3), 300-305.

Bowler, D. E., Buyung-Ali, L. M., Knight, T. M., & Pullin, A. S. (2010). A systematic review of evidence for the added benefits to health of exposure to natural environments. BMC Public Health, 10(1), 456-465.

Capaldi, C. A., Dopko, R. L., & Zelenski, J. M. (2014). The relationship between nature connectedness and happiness:A meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 5.

Cervinka, R., Roderer, K., & Hefler, E. (2011). Are nature lovers happy? On various indicators of well-being and connectedness with nature. Journal of Health Psychology, 17(3), 379-388.

Cheng, J. C., & Monroe, M. C. (2012). Connection to nature:Children's affective attitude toward nature. Environment and Behavior, 44(1), 31-49.

Cialdini, R., Brown, S., Lewis, B., Luce, C., & Neuberg, S. (1997). Reinterpreting the empathy-altruism relationship:When one into one equals oneness. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 73(3), 481-494.

Clayton, S. (2003). Environmental identity:a conceptual and operational definition. In S. Clayton, & S. Opotow(Eds.), Identity and the natural environment (pp. 45-65). Cambridge, MA:MIT Press.

Collado, S., Staats, H., & Corraliza, J. A. (2013). Experiencing nature in children's summer camps:Affective, cognitive and behavioral consequences. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 33, 37-44.

Duvall, J. (2011). Enhancing the benefits of outdoor walking with cognitive engagement strategies. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 31, 27-35.

Ewert, A., Place, G., & Sibthorp, J. (2005). Early-life outdoor experiences and an individual's environmental attitudes. Leisure Sciences, 27(3), 225-239.

Fazio, R. H., Chen, J., McDonel, E. C., & Sherman, S. J. (1982). Attitude accessibility, attitude-behavior consistency, and the strength of the object-evaluation association. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 18(4), 339-357.

Fazio, R. H., & Zanna, M. P. (1981). Direct experience and attitude-behavior consistency. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (Vol. 14, pp. 161-202). New York:Academic Press.

Gosling, E., & Williams, K. J. H. (2010). Connectedness to nature, place attachment and conservation behavior:Testing connectedness theory among farmers. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(3), 298-304.

Hinds, J., & Sparks, P. (2008). Engaging with the natural environment:The role of affective connection and identity. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 28(2), 109-120.

Howell, A. J., Dopko, R. L., Passmore, H., & Buro, K. (2011). Nature connectedness:Associations with well-being and mindfulness. Personality and Individual Differences, 51, 166-171.

Howell, A. J., Passmore, H., & Buro, K. (2013). Meaning in nature:Meaning in life as a mediator of the relationship between nature connectedness and well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14, 1681-1696.

Kals, E., Schumacher, D., & Mondata, L. (1999). Emotional affinity toward nature as a motivational basis to protect nature. Environment and Behavior, 31(2), 178-202.

Keyes, C. L. M. (2005). Mental illness and/or mental health? Investigating the axioms of the complete state model of health. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(3), 539-548.

Kossack, A., & Bogner, F. X. (2011). How does a one-day environmental education program support individual connectedness with nature? Journal of Biological Education, 46(3), 180-187.

Leong, L. Y. C., Fischer, R., & McClure, J. (2014). Are nature lovers more innovative? The relationship between connectedness with nature and cognitive styles. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 40, 57-63.

Liefländer, A. K., Fröhlic, G., Bogner, F. X., & Schultz, P. W. (2013). Promoting connectedness with nature through environmental education. Environmental Education Research, 19(3), 370-384.

Louv, R. (2005). Last child in the woods. Chapel Hill, NC:Algonquin Books.

Mayer, F. S., & Frantz, C. M. (2004). The connectedness to nature scale:A measure of individuals' feeling in community with nature. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24, 503-515.

Mayer, F. S., Frantz, C. M., Bruehlman-Senecal, E., & Dolliver, K. (2009). Why is nature beneficial? The role of connectedness to nature. Environment and Behavior, 41(5), 607-643.

Millar, M. G., & Millar, K. U. (1996). The effects of direct and indirect experience on affective and cognitive responses and the attitude-behavior relation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 32(6), 561-579.

Nisbet, E. K., & Zelenski, J. M. (2011). Underestimating nearby nature:Affective forecasting errors obscure the happy path to sustainability. Psychological Science, 22(9), 1101-1106.

Nisbet, E. K., Zelenski, J. M., & Murphy, S. A. (2009). The nature relatedness scale:Linking individuals' connection with nature to environmental concern and behavior. Environment and Behavior, 41(5), 715-740.

Nisbet, E. K., Zelenski, J. M., & Murphy, S. A. (2011). Happiness is in our nature:Exploring nature relatedness as a contributor to subjective well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 12, 303-322.

Perrin, J. L., & Benassi, V. A. (2009). The connectedness to nature scale:A measure of emotional connection to nature? Journal of Environmental Psychology, 29(4), 434-440.

Poon, K-T., Teng, F., Wong, W-Y., & Chen, Z. (2016). Nature exposure moderates the relationship between ostracism and aggression. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 48, 159-168.

Richardson, M., Cormack, A., McRobert, L., & Underhill, R. (2016). 30 days wild:Development and evaluation of a large-scale nature engagement campaign to improve well-being. Plos one, 2.

Schultz, P. W. (2002). Inclusion in nature:The psychology of human-nature relations. In P. Schmuck, & P. W. Schultz (Eds.), Psychology of sustainable development (pp. 61-78). Boston, MA:Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Shanahan, D. F., Bush, R., Gaston, K. J., Lin, B. B., Dean, J., Barber, E., & Fuller, R. A. (2016). Health benefits from nature experiences depend on dose. Scientific Reports, 6.

Soga, M., Gaston, K. J., Yamaura, Y., Kurisu, K., & Hanaki, K. (2016). Both direct and vicarious experiences of nature affect children's willingness to conserve biodiversity. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 13(6), 529-540.

Tam, K. P., Lee, S. L., & Chao, M. M. (2013). Saving Mr. Nature:Anthropomorphism enhances connectedness to and protectiveness toward nature. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 49, 514-521.

Tang, I-C., Sullivan, W. C., & Chang, C-Y. (2015). Perceptual evaluation of natural landscapes:The role of the individual connection to nature. Environment and Behavior, 47(6), 595-617.

Tyrvöinen, L., Ojala, A., Korpela, K., Lanki, T., Tsunetsugu, Y., & Kagawa, T. (2014). The influence of urban green environments on stress relief measures:A field experiment. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 38, 1-9.

Unsworth, S. J., Levin, W., Bang, M., Washinawatok, K., Waxman, S. R., & Medin, D. L. (2012). Cultural differences in children's ecological reasoning and psychological closeness to nature:Evidence from Menominee and European-American children. Journal of Cognition and Culture, 12(1-2), 17-29.

Weinstein, N., Przybylski, A. K., & Ryan, R. M. (2009). Can nature make us more caring? Effects of immersion in nature on intrinsic aspirations and generosity. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35(10), 1315-1329.

Wells, N. M., & Lekies, K. S. (2006). Nature and the life course:Pathways from childhood nature experiences to adult environmentalism. Children, Youth and Environments, 16(1), 1-26.

Wolsko, C.,& Lindberg, K. (2013). Experiencing connection with nature:the matrix of psychological well-being, mindfulness, and outdoor recreation. Ecopsychology, 5(2), 80-91.

Zelenski, J. M., Dopko, R. L., & Capaldi, C. A. (2015). Cooperation is in our nature:Nature exposure may promote cooperative and environmentally sustainable behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 42, 24-31.

陈晓, 王博, 张豹. (2016). 远离"城嚣":自然对人的积极作用、理论及其应用. 心理科学进展, 24(2), 270-281.

李娜, 吴建平. (2016). 自然联结对大学生主观幸福感的影响:正念的中介作用. 心理技术与应用, 4(5), 273-277.
[1] XIAO Jialin, LIANG Kaixin, HUANG Liuyue, WANG Enna, HUANG Qiaomin, HE Yunhan, LU Baolin, CHI Xinli. The Cumulative Effects, Relationship Model, and the Effects of Specific Positive Development Assets in Reducing Adolescent Depression [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(2): 257-269.
[2] LIN Chongde. Need Is the Driver for Education and Development [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(1): 1-7.
[3] CHEN Shuling, JIA Huibin, JIN Can, ZHANG Xin, WANG Enguo. Characteristics of Pre-attentive Processing of Visual Channels in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: Evidences from ERPs [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(1): 19-28.
[4] YAO Jihai, JIANG Yuhan, ZOU Honghui. The Relationship between Teaching Autonomy and Teaching Reflection: The Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerment and Professional Commitment [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(6): 842-849.
[5] ZHANG Wenxin. The Definition of Bullying: From Cross-cultural and Developmental Perspectives [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(4): 590-598.
[6] ZHAO Xian, WANG Zhihang, WANG Dongfang, YUAN Yanyun, YIN Xiayun, LI Zhihua. Developmental Trajectory of Prosocial Behavior in Impoverished Children during Early Adolescence: The Effects of Gender and Parenting Style Heterogeneity [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(3): 323-332.
[7] LI Jinwen, BAI Rong, WANG Yumeng, LIU Xia. The Relationship between Developmental Trajectories of Adolescents’ Depression and Self-injury: A Two-year Longitudinal Study [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(3): 429-438.
[8] DONG Xiaoxiao, LIU Yan, HU Yaxin. Age Differences in Perceptual Metacognition and Higher-order Metacognition among Children, Youth and Older Adults [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(2): 153-160.
[9] HUANG Jie, ZHU Dan, YANG Ao. The Developmental Trajectory of Student Teachers' Professional Identity in the Early Stages of Teaching Practice and its Relationship with Proactive Personality: A Longitudinal Study [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(1): 40-47.
[10] ZHU Lijun, YANG Qiang, YE Baojuan, CHEN Zhinan, ZHANG Li. Connectedness to Nature on College Students’ Depression: A Moderated Mediation Model [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(6): 886-893.
[11] SU Jinlong, SU Yanjie. The Psychological Mechanisms Explaining the Role of Early Maternal Touch in Child Social Development [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(5): 739-748.
[12] JIANG Yingying, AN Jing, MA Li, ZHU Liqi. 8~15 Year Olds’ Understanding of Wealth and Poverty including a Developmental Comparison between Children and Adults [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(4): 466-474.
[13] LIN Lin, QIU Shaojie, LIU Yu, YANG Yang, YANG Ya'nan, JIA Xuji, XU Zhansheng, BAI Xuejun. The Trajectories of Impulsivity during Early Adolescence: Identifying Latent Subgroups and Influence Factors [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(3): 339-347.
[14] LIU Shen, GAN Yetong, WANG Chen, WANG Gaofeng. Research Highlights and Development Trends of the Developmental Psychology in China: Based on the Bibliometric Analysis on 35 Years’ Publications in Psychological Development and Education [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(3): 447-456.
[15] ZHANG Heyi, HONG Xiumin. Family Cognitive Environment and Development in 0~3 Year Olds: A Moderated Mediation Model [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(2): 178-185.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!