Psychological Development and Education ›› 2008, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (2): 6-12.

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Relationship between Categorization and Category-based Induction in Early Age

LONG Chang-quan1,2,3, LU Xiao-ying1,2,3, LI Hong1,2,3, FAN Ji-dan1,2,3   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of MOE, Southwest University, Chongqing, CN;
    2. School of psychology, Southwest University;
    3. Sino-Candian Research Center for Child Development
  • Online:2008-04-15 Published:2008-04-15

Abstract: In traditional opinion,the function of category is to support inductive reasoning. According to this view, children's categorization wauld be consistent with categorybased induction. If child categorize objects based on similarity,they would also make induction based on similarity. Otherwise,when child categorize objects based on concept,they would use concept to make induction. Recently,Slo utsky,Kloos and Fisher (2007)'s study showed that children' s categorization and induction had a disassociation. In fact,many studies showed that young children would mainly base on similarity to classify objects whereas children would base on similarity or concept to support induction in different tasks. These studies indicated that it wauld have a complex relationship between categorization and category based induction in early development.Total 96 4-yearold children were divided into four tasks including categorization tasks and induction tasks in photos and drawings. In other words,it was designed to be 2(materials:photos and drawings) ×2(tasks:categorization and induction) between subjects. Each task included six groups of items. Each experimental group included three items;the first was the target stimulus and the second and third were the selective stimulus. The second one was similarity wrath the first but belong to different concept and the third one was dissimilarity wrath the first but belong to the same concept. In photos,children showed inconsistently between categorization and category-based induction. They based on similarity in categorization but mainly based on concepts in induction. However,children showed consistently between categorization and induction in drawnngs. They mainly used similarity to categorization and induction. The relationship would be complex in early categorization and category-based induction. It would be necessarily to integrate the work on categorization and category-based induction.

Key words: category, category-based induction, concept

[1] Oakes L M,Rakison D H.Issues in the early development of con-cepts and categories:an introduction.In Rakison D H,Oakes,L M.(Eds.)Early category and concept development:making sense of the bloom-ing,buzzing confusion.Oxford press,2003,3-23.
[2] Coley J D,Shafto P,Stepanova O,Barraff E.Knowledge and cate-gory-based induction.In Aim W,Goldstone R L,Love B C,Marknum A B,Wolff P.(Eds.),Categorization inside and outside the laboratory:Essays in honor of Douglas L.Medin.Washington,DC:American Psychological Asso-ciation,2005.见网页:http://www.psych.neu.edu/faculty/j.coley/CRL-publications.html.
[3] Murphy G L.The downside of categories.Trends in Cognitive Sci-ence,2003,7(12),513-514.
[4] Yamanchi T,Markman A B.Inference using categories.Journal of Experimental Psychology:Leaming,Memory & Cognition,2000,26(3),776-795.
[5] Marknum A,Ross B.Category use and category learning.Psycho-logical Bulletin,2003,129(4),592-613.
[6] Rehder B,Hastie R.(2001).Causal knowledge and categories:The effects of causal beliefs on categorization,induction,and similarity.Journal of Experimental Psychology:General,130,323-360.
[7] Rehder B,Hastie R.Category coherence and category-based prop-enty induction.Cognition,2004,91,113-153.
[8] Gelman S A.Psychological essentialism in children.Trends in Cog-nitive Sciences,2004,8,404-409.
[9] Gelman S A,Coley J D.The importance of knowing u dodo is a bird:Categories and inferences in 2-year-old children.Developmental Psy-chology.1990,26,796-804.
[10] Gelman S A,Markman E M.Categories and induction in young children.Cognition,1986.23,183-209.
[11] Gelman S A,Markman E M.Young children's inductions from natural kinds:The role of categories and appearances.Child Development,1987,58,1532-1541.
[12] Sloutsky V M,Fisher A V.Induction and categorization in young children:a similarity-based model.Journal of Experimental Psychology:General,2004,133,166-188.
[13] Sloutsky V M,Kloes H.Fisher A V.When looks are everything:Appearance similarity versus kind information in early induction.Psychologi-cal Science,2007,18,179-185.
[14] Geiman S,Waxman S R.Looking beyond looks:Comments on sl-outsky,Idoos,and fisher,"When looks are everything:Appearance similari-ty versus kind information in early induction".Psyeholngical Science.inpress.
[15] Bjorklund D F,Representation.In Bjorkhnd D F,children's thi-nking:developmental function and individual difference(3 edition),Wad-sworth Publishing,2002,193-232.
[16] 汪宪钿.刘静和,范存仁.4-9岁儿童类概念的发展的实验,心理学报,1964,4,352-359.
[17] 吕静,庞虹,汪文筠,卢琬君.3~6岁幼儿在分类实验中概括能力的发展.心理学报,1987,1,1~9.
[18] Welder A,Graham S.The influences of shape similarity and shared labels on infants'inductive inferences about nonobvions object proper-ties.Child Development,2001,72:1653-1673.
[19] Sloutsky V M,Lo Y F,Fisher A V.How much does a shared name make things similar:Linguistic labels and the development of inductive inference.Child Development,2001,72:1695-1709.
[20] Fisher A V,Sloutsky V M.When induction meets memory:Evi-dence for gradual transition from simihrity-based to category-based induction.Child Development,2005,76:583-597.
[21] Mandler J M,McDonough L.Studies in inductive inference in in-fancy.Cognitive Psychology,1998,37,60-96.
[22] 龙长权,吴睿明,李红等,3.5~5.5岁儿童在知觉相似和概念冲突下的归纳推理,心理学报,2006,38,47-55.
[23] Farrar M J,Baney G E,Boycr M G.Knowledge,concepts,and inferences in childhood.Child Development,1992,63,673-691.
[24] Deak G O,Bauer J.The dynamics of preschoolers'categorization choices.Child Development,1996,67,740-767.
[25] Jones S S,Smith L B.The place of perceptionin children's con-ception.Cognitive Development,1993,8,113-139.
[26] 樊艾梅,李文馥,3-6岁儿童层次类概念发展的实验研究,1995,27(1),28-36.
[27] 方富熹,方格,学前儿童分类能力的初步研究,1986,心理学报,2,156-164.
[28] De(a)k G,Bauer P J.The effects of task comprehension on pre-schoolers'and adults'categorization choices.Journal of Experimental Child Psychology,1995,60,393-427.
[29] Sloutsky V K,Fisher.Similarity,Induction,Naming,andCategori-ration(SINC):Generalization orlnductiveReasoning?ReplytoHeitandHayes (2005).Journal of Experimental Psychology:General,2005,134(4),606-611.
[30] Gentner D.Namy L L.Comparison in the development of catego-ries.Cognitive Development,1999,14,487-513.
[31] Anderson J R.The adaptive nature of human categorization.Psy-chologlcalReview.1991,98,409-429.
[32] Ross B H,Gelman S A,Rosengren K S.Children's category-based inferences affect classification.British Journal of Development Psychol-ogy.2005,23,1-24.
[1] ZHANG Jiemin, TAO Yun, YANG Shuhan, CHEN Rui. A Review on Conceptual Representation and Its Methods of Prosocial Behavior [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(2): 298-304.
[2] ZHONG Weifang, GUO Yongxing. Electrophysiological Evidence for the Lateralized Effect of Lexical Categories on Perception of Facial Expression [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(3): 313-322.
[3] LIU Zhiguo, QI Bing, LI Yaping, WANG Runzhou, CUI Jia, SONG Yaowu. The Moderating Effect of Achievement Goal Orientation on the Relationship between Academic Self-concept and Academic Achievement: Based on Internal/External Reference of Frame Model [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(1): 68-76.
[4] DING Fengqin, SUN Yishu, Zhao Huying. The Bias of the Mapping in Clean and Dirty Metaphor of Moral Concepts [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(3): 315-322.
[5] XU Jia, XIE Baoguo. The Relationship between Vocational Self-concept Crystallization and Depression of College Students: The Moderator Effects of Gender and Gender Egalitarianism [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(4): 584-591.
[6] TU Shen, LIANG Qiuxia, ZHU Sishi, LI Changjun, LIU Qingying, ZHOU Yajuan. The Unconscious Integration of the Semantic Category Consistency Relationship of Semantic Words Presented in Sequence [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(1): 10-18.
[7] ZHONG Weifang, GUO Yongxing, RU Taotao, HOU Wei. New Evidence for Whorf Hypothesis: Lexical Categories Affect Preattentive Color Perception when Within- and Between-category Colors are Equally Discriminable [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(1): 19-25.
[8] WU Yang, WU Li, NIU Gengfeng, CHEN Zhenzhen, WANG Lizhong. The Influence of WeChat Moments Use on Undergraduates' Depression: The Effects of Negative Social Comparison and Self-concept Clarity [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2020, 36(4): 486-493.
[9] ZHAO Xu, PENG Maoying, YANG Juan. Implicit Character and Appearance Self-concept Predict Implicit Self-esteem: the Moderating Role of Gender [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2020, 36(3): 296-303.
[10] ZHONG Weifang, RU Taotao, MO Lei. The Effect of Trained Lexical Categories on Preattentive Categorical Perception of Color: An ERP Study [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2020, 36(2): 129-137.
[11] ZHONG Weifang, RU Taotao. Do Lexical Categories Produce Lateralized Categorical Perception of Color? [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2020, 36(1): 1-9.
[12] ZHANG Yahui, LU Zhongyi. The Mental Representations of Juvenile Delinquents' Vertical Spatial Metaphor for Morality and the Contributing Factors [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2019, 35(6): 648-656.
[13] JIA Ning, FENG Xinming, LU Zhongyi. The Influence of Vertical Spatial Metaphor of Morality on Spatial Relation Judgments [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2019, 35(3): 267-273.
[14] DING Fengqin, WANG Ximei, LIU Zhao. The Clean and Dirty Metaphors of Moral Concepts and Its Influence on Moral Judgments [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2017, 33(6): 666-674.
[15] MENG Nan, WANG Yuhui, LEI Li. The Relationship between Selfie Editing and Subjective Well-being among Female College Students: The Mediating Role of Positive Feedback and Self-concept [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2017, 33(6): 751-758.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!