Psychological Development and Education ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 358-365.doi: 10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2022.03.07

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The Influence of School Connectedness and Academic Competence on Adolescents’ Self-esteem: A Hierarchical Linear Model

ZHANG Xiaomin1, CHEN Xin1, WU Kai1, ZHAO Guoxiang2   

  1. 1. School of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004;
    2. School of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453000
  • Published:2022-05-17

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Abstract: Self-esteem is relevant to a number of important personal and social life outcomes, which is especially malleable in adolescence. Thus, it is of great importance to pay attention to the development of adolescents’ self-esteem and its contributing factors. The concept of “worthiness-based self-esteem” emphasizes that self-esteem derives from positive interpersonal environment, such as support and praise from people important to them. While, the concept of “competence-based self-esteem” argues that self-esteem originates from individual’s competence. To understand the relationship between environmental factors and competence factors in contributing to self-esteem among Chinese senior high school students, a hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) research was conducted to investigate the role of school connectedness at class level and academic competence at class as well as individual level. A total of 4776 senior high school students were recruited from 123 classes in 18 schools and participated in the study. The results of the present study showed that: (1) Class level school connectedness significantly contributed to self-esteem of individual; (2) Academic competence of individual played a mediating role in the relationship between school connectedness and self-esteem; (3) Academic competence of class moderated the relationship between academic competence and self-esteem, and in classes where academic competence was attached to great importance, the predicting effect of academic competence on self-esteem was higher.

Key words: senior high school student, self-esteem, school connectedness, academic competence, hierarchical linear model

CLC Number: 

  • G442
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