Psychological Development and Education ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 279-286.doi: 10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2022.02.15

Previous Articles     Next Articles

The Relationship between Interpersonal Emotion Regulation and Implicit/Explicit Positive Emotions: The Moderating Effects of Emotional Regulation Difficulties and the Mediating Effects of Expressive Suppression

SUN Juncai1, SUN Yaru1, ZHANG Wenhai2   

  1. 1. School of Education, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165;
    2. Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224001
  • Published:2022-03-24

Abstract: Interpersonal emotion regulation is an important way of social emotion regulation. In order to clarify its relationship with positive emotions, we conducted a survey, the interpersonal emotion regulation scale, implicit and explicit positive emotion scale, expression inhibition scale, and mood regulation difficulty scale were used. Results of 1159 participants showed that:(1) interpersonal emotion regulation significantly predicts implicit and explicit positive emotions; (2) and difficulty in emotion regulation is a moderator of interpersonal emotion regulation predicting implicit positive emotions; Inhibition of expression is a mediator of interpersonal emotion regulation predicting explicit positive emotions. This indicates that the use of interpersonal emotion regulation has a beneficial tendency for positive emotion, but its effect is related to the individual's emotional characteristics.

Key words: interpersonal emotion regulation, positive emotion, expressive suppression, the difficulty in emotional regulation

CLC Number: 

  • B844
Aldao, A., Gee, D. G., Andres, D. L. R., & Seager, I. (2016). Emotion regulation as a transdiagnostic factor in the development of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology:Current and future directions.Development and Psychopathology, 28(4pt1), 927-946.
Braunstein, L. M., Gross, J. J., & Ochsner, K. N. (2017). Explicit and implicit emotion regulation:a multi-level framework.Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 12(10), 1545-1557.
Butler, E. A., Gross, J. J., & Barnard, K. (2014). Testing the effects of suppression and reappraisal on emotional concordance using a multivariate multilevel model.Biological Psychology, 98(1), 6-18.
Butler, E. A., Lee, T. L., & Gross, J. J. (2007). Emotion regulation and culture:Are the social consequences of emotion suppression culture-specific? Emotion, 7(1), 30-48.
Butler, E. A., Egloff, B., Wilhelm, F. H., Smith, N. C., Erickson, E. A., & Gross, J. J. (2003). The social consequences of expressive suppression.Emotion, 3(1), 48-67.
Curran, P. G. (2016). Methods for the detection of carelessly invalid responses in survey data.Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 66, 4-19.
DeSimone, J. A., Harms, P. D., & DeSimone, A. J. (2015). Best practice recommendations for data screening.Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36(2), 171-181.
Dixon-Gordon, K. L., Haliczer, L. A., Conkey, L. C., & Whalen, D. J. (2018). Difficulties in interpersonal emotion regulation:Initial development and validation of a self-report measure.Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 40(3), 528-549.
Dufner, M., Gebauer, J. E., Sedikides, C., & Denissen, J. J. (2019). Self-enhancement and psychological adjustment:A meta-analytic review.Personality and Social Psychology Review, 23(1), 48-72.
Endre, V., Lin, S., Berge, O., Svendsen, J. L., Per-Einar, B., & Elisabeth, S. (2017). The association between self-reported difficulties in emotion regulation and heart rate variability:The salient role of not accepting negative emotions.Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 328.https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00328
Ehring, T., Tuschen-Caffier, B., Schnülle, Jewgenija, Fischer, S., & Gross, J. J. (2010). Emotion regulation and vulnerability to depression:spontaneous versus instructed use of emotion suppression and reappraisal.Emotion, 10(4), 563-572.
Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation:Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale.Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26(1), 41-54.
Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2008). The relationship between emotion dysregulation and deliberate self-harm among female undergraduate students at an urban commuter university. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 37(1), 14-25.
Gross, J. J. (2015). The extended process model of emotion regulation:Elaborations, applications, and future directions.Psychological Inquiry, 26(1), 130-137.
Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes:Implications for affect, relationships, and well-being.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 348-362.
Gyurak, A., Gross, J. J., & Etkin, A. (2011). Explicit and implicit emotion regulation:A dual-process framework.Cognition and Emotion, 25(3), 400-412.
Hendriks, M. C., Croon, M. A., & Vingerhoets, A. J. (2008). Social reactions to adult crying:The help-soliciting function of tears.The Journal of Social Psychology, 148(1), 22-42.
Hepper, E. G., Sedikides, C., & Cai, H. (2013). Self-enhancement and self-protection strategies in China:Cultural expressions of a fundamental human motive. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 44(1), 5-23.
Hofmann, S. G., Carpenter, J. K., & Curtiss, J. (2016). Interpersonal emotion regulation questionnaire (IERQ):Scale development and psychometric characteristics.Cognitive Therapy and Research, 40(3), 341-356.
Houck, C. D., Hadley, W., Barker, D., Brown, L. K., Hancock, E., & Almy, B. (2016). An emotion regulation intervention to reduce risk behaviors among at-risk early adolescents.Prevention Science, 17(1), 71-82.
Koole, S. L., Webb, T. L., & Sheeran, P. L. (2015). Implicit emotion regulation:Feeling better without knowing why.Current Opinion in Psychology, 3, 6-10.
Kring, A. M., & Sloan, D. M. (2015). Emotion regulation and psychopathology:A transdiagnostic approach to etiology and treatment.Annual Review Clinical Psychology, 11(1), 379-405.
Quirin, M., Kazén, M., & Kuhl, J. (2009). When nonsense sounds happy or helpless:The implicit positive and negative affect test (IPANAT).Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97(3), 500-516.
Quirin, M., Wróbel, M., Pala, A. N., Stieger, S., Brosschot, J., Kazén, M., … Kuhl, J. (2016). A cross-cultural validation of the implicit positive and negative affect test (IPANAT).European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 34(1), 1-12.
Reeck, C., Ames, D. R., & Ochsner, K. N. (2016). The social regulation of emotion:An integrative, cross-disciplinary model.Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 20(1), 47-63.
Rogier, G., Garofalo, C., & Velotti, P. (2019). Is emotional suppression always bad? A matter of flexibility and gender differences.Current Psychology, 38(2), 411-420.
Soto, J. A., Perez, C. R., Kim, Y.-H., Lee, E. A., & Minnick, M. R. (2011). Is expressive suppression always associated with poorer psychological functioning? A cross-cultural comparison between European Americans and Hong Kong Chinese.Emotion, 11(6), 1450-1455.
Sperduti, M., Makowski, D., Arcangeli, M., Wantzen, P., Zalla, T., Lemaire, S., & Piolino, P. (2017). The distinctive role of executive functions in implicit emotion regulation.Acta Psychologica, 173, 13-20.
Taylor, C. T., Knapp, S. E., Bomyea, J. A., Ramsawh, H. J., Paulus, M. P., & Stein, M. B. (2017). What good are positive emotions for treatment? trait positive emotionality predicts response to cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety.Behaviour Research and Therapy, 93, 6-12.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect:the PANAS scales.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070.
Wei, M. F., Su, J. C., Carrera, S., Lin, S.-P., & Yi, F. (2013). Suppression and interpersonal harmony:A cross-cultural comparison between Chinese and European Americans.Journal of Counseling Psychology, 60(4), 625-633.
Xie, X., Bratec, S. M., Schmid, G., Meng, C., Doll, A., Wohlschläger, A., … Sorg, C. (2016). How do you make me feel better? Social cognitive emotion regulation and the default mode network.NeuroImage, 134, 270-280.
程利, 袁加锦, 何媛媛, 李红. (2009). 情绪调节策略:认知重评优于表达抑制. 心理科学进展, 17(4), 730-735.
冯玉. (2008). 青少年自我伤害行为与个体情绪因素和家庭环境因素的关系 (硕士学位论文). 华中师范大学, 上海.
黄丽, 杨廷忠, 季忠民. (2003). 积极负性情绪量表的中国人群适用性研究. 中国心理卫生杂志, 17(1), 54-56.
刘影, 桑标, 龚少英, 丁雪辰, 潘婷婷. (2016). 情绪表达抑制功能的文化差异. 心理科学进展, 24(10), 1647-1654.
任俊, 朱琼嫦. (2015). 内隐情绪调节:一种有效的自我保护. 心理科学进展, 23(12), 2054-2063.
孙俊才,石荣. (2017). 哭泣表情面孔的注意偏向:眼动的证据.心理学报, 49(2), 155-163.
王力, 柳恒超, 李中权, 杜卫. (2007). 情绪调节问卷中文版的信效度研究. 中国健康心理学杂志, 15(6), 503-505.
袁加锦, 龙泉杉, 丁南翔, 娄熠雪, 刘莹莹, 杨洁敏. (2014). 负性情绪调节的效率:中国文化背景下认知重评与表达抑制的对比. 中国科学:生命科学, 44(6), 602-613.
周浩, 龙立荣. (2004). 共同方法偏差的统计检验与控制方法. 心理科学进展, 12(6), 942-942.
[1] HAN Jiantao, QIAN Junni, ZHANG Jieyu, PANG Weiguo. The Relationship between Creativity and Meaning in Life among College Students: The Role of Positive Emotion and Creative Self-efficacy [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(2): 187-195.
[2] HUANG Xiaoxiao, ZHANG Baoshan, YU Guoliang. Diversity of Daily Small Groups and Physical Symptoms of Elderly: The Mediating Effect of Group Positive Emotion and Moderating Effect of Psychological Stress [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(5): 729-738.
[3] WANG Siqi, ZHAO Binxuan, WU Hong, LIU Wei. The Effects of Marital Quality on Children’s Pro-social Behavior: The Chain Mediating Model of Parental Positive Emotion Expression, Parenting Behavior and the Gender Difference [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(3): 323-330.
[4] PENG Shun, NIU Gengfeng, WANG Xia, ZHANG Hongpo, HU Xiang'en. Parental Autonomy Support and Adolescents' Positive Emotional Adjustment: Mediating and Moderating Roles of Basic Need Satisfaction [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(2): 240-248.
[5] ZHOU Li, WANG Fuxing, XIE Heping, CHEN Jiaxue, XIN Liang, ZHAO Qingbai. Does Emotional Design in Multimedia Learning Facilitate Learning? A Meta-analysis [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2019, 35(6): 697-709.
[6] TIAN Yuxin, WU Xinchun, WANG Wenchao, ZHOU Xiao. The Relation between Attachment and PTSD/PTG among Adolescents after the Wenchuan Earthquake: The Mediating Roles of Cognitive Reappraisal and Expressive Suppression [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2018, 34(1): 105-111.
[7] WANG Yong, WANG Zhen-hong. Resilience of College Students and the Relations of Resilience to Positive Emotion and to Subjective Well-being [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2013, 29(1): 94-100.
[8] CUI Li-xia, YIN Yue, LEI Li. The Relationship between Resilience and Adaptation to Stress:An Experiment on the Mediation of Positive Affect [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2012, 28(3): 308-313.
[9] YU Heng, ZHANG Ming-hao, CHEN Xin-yin, DENG Hui-hua, LU Zu-hong. Study of the Consistency and Its Influence Factors between Laboratory Observation and Maternal-Report on Infant Temperament [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2011, 27(3): 247-254.
[10] WANG Yan-mei, GUO De-jun, FANG Ping, HAN Xue-jun, TANG Liping, QU Jing. SAge-Related and Gender Differences: Influence of Positive Emotions on Task Switching [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2008, 24(1): 43-48.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!