中学教师职业倦怠状况及影响因素的研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 职业倦怠是职业压力的一种,指在职业环境中,对长期的情绪紧张源和人际关系紧张源的应激反应而表现出的一系列心理、生理综合征.教师是职业倦怠感的高发人群.教师身上表现出的职业倦怠感对学生的成长和发展有巨大的消极影响.以中学教师为被试,采用问卷调查的方法考察教师的职业倦怠状况和影响因素.研究发现中学教师的职业倦怠整体上并不严重;教龄6-10年是教师职业倦怠最严重的阶段;职称是影响教师职业倦怠的重要因素;性别、所在学校是否重点以及是否班主任对教师职业倦怠没有显著影响.

关键词: 中学教师, 职业倦怠, 情感衰竭, 去个性化, 成就感

Abstract: Burnout is a prolonged response to chronic emotional and interpersonal stressors on the job,and is defined by the three dimensions of exhaustion,cynicism,and inefficacy.A number of studies on burnout have focused specifically on the teaching profession due to the fact that this profession is one of the largest and most visible professions in society and recognition of the extreme demands and pressures which teachers often confront.This study examined the burnout and factors relating to levels of job burnout with Maslach &Jackson MBI(1993) in a sample of 190 middle school teachers at Chongqing and Sichuan 4 middle schools.The results showed that:(1) the middle school teacher's burnout is not serious on the whole.(2) these teachers with 6-10 years job experience recorded significantly higher scores on the MBI than others.(3) the title of professional post is the important factor related to the levels of job burnout(4) gender,whether the school is important,and whether he is the class in charge don't effect the score of burnout significantly.

Key words: middle school teacher, job burnout, emotional exhaustion, depersonality, efficacy

中图分类号:

G443

赵玉芳, 毕重增. 中学教师职业倦怠状况及影响因素的研究[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2003, 19(1): 80-84.

ZHAO Yu-fang, BI Chong-zeng. Job burnout and the factors related to it among middle school teachers[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2003, 19(1): 80-84.

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