心理发展与教育 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 316-323.doi: 10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2024.03.02

• 认知与社会性发展 • 上一篇    下一篇

为了谁,幼儿更可能说谎？不同受益者对5～6岁幼儿说谎行为的影响

张文洁2,3, 黄子君1,2, 谭佩霞2,3, 范伟1,2, 钟毅平1,2   

  1. 1. 湖南师范大学教育科学学院心理系, 长沙 410081;
    2. 认知与人类行为湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410081;
    3. 湖南师范大学教育科学学院学前教育系, 长沙 410081
  • 发布日期:2024-05-15
  • 通讯作者: 钟毅平 E-mail:ypzhong@hunnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金教育学青年课题“幼儿分享行为的心理机制:接受者的自我相关性与需要的作用”(CBA190244)。

Who Are Young Children More Likely to Lie for? The Influence of Different Beneficiaries on Lying Behavior among Preschoolers Aged 5～6 Years

ZHANG Wenjie2,3, HUANG Zijun1,2, TAN Peixia2,3, FAN Wei1,2, ZHONG Yiping1,2   

  1. 1. Department of Psychology, School of Educational Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081;
    2. Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha 410081;
    3. Department of Preschool Education, School of Educational Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081
  • Published:2024-05-15

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摘要： 本研究采用“你藏我找”范式,将自我受益作为基线条件,通过两个实验分别考察不同自我相关性受益者和不同群体受益者对5～6岁幼儿说谎行为的影响。结果发现:(1)相比于高自我相关者和低自我相关者受益条件,幼儿更可能为自己的利益而说谎;而相比于低自我相关者受益条件,幼儿更可能为高自我相关者的利益而说谎(实验1);(2)相比于内群体和外群体受益条件,幼儿更可能为自己的利益而说谎;而相比于外群体受益条件,幼儿更可能为内群体的利益而说谎(实验2)。以上结果表明,5～6岁幼儿的说谎行为存在强烈的利己倾向,为自己获得利益而说谎的可能性最大;而5～6岁幼儿的亲社会说谎行为在个体层面存在自我相关性偏好,在群体层面存在内群体偏好。

关键词: 5～6岁幼儿说谎行为, 受益者, 利己倾向, 自我相关性偏好, 内群体偏好

Abstract: Experiment 1 adopted the “Hide-and-Seek Game task” to examine the influence of beneficiaries with different extents of self-relevance on lying behavior among preschoolers aged 5～6 years. The results of Experiment 1 suggested that participants told more lies for their own benefits compared with the benefits of the highly self-relevant beneficiary (friends) and lowly self-relevant beneficiary (strangers). Nevertheless, compared with the benefits of the lowly self-relevant beneficiary (strangers), participants were more likely to lie for the benefits of the highly self-relevant beneficiary (friends). Experiment 2 also used the “Hide-and-Seek Game task” to investigate the influence of beneficiaries of different groups on lying behavior among preschoolers aged 5～6 years. The results of Experiment 2 also found that participants were more likely to lie for their own benefits compared with the benefits of the in-group beneficiary and out-group beneficiary. In addition, by comparison with the benefits of the out-group beneficiary, participants were more likely to lie for the benefits of the in-group beneficiary. Our findings indicate that there is a strong egoistic tendency in lying behavior among preschoolers aged 5～6 years. More importantly, prosocial lying behavior among preschoolers aged 5～6 years is affected by self-relevance at the individual level, and there is “Self-relevance preference”. At the group level, prosocial lying behavior among preschoolers aged 5～6 years is influenced by group differences, and there is “In-group favoritism”.

Key words: lying behavior of preschoolers aged 5～6 years, beneficiaries, egoistic tendency, self-relevance preference, in-group favoritism

中图分类号: 

  • B844
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