阅读模式对汉语儿童阅读理解的影响:有中介的调节模型

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2023.03.08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨年级在汉语儿童阅读模式影响阅读理解过程中的作用及其内部机制,对933名小学2~6年级儿童在不同阅读模式(朗读、喃喃自语、默读)下的阅读理解进行测查,并采用三分钟阅读测验考察儿童的阅读流畅性,探讨其在上述调节模型中的中介作用。结果发现:(1)喃喃自语比默读更有利于小学汉语儿童的阅读理解;(2)年级在阅读模式对阅读理解的影响中起调节作用。二年级儿童朗读和喃喃自语时的阅读理解成绩高于默读;喃喃自语比默读更有利于四年级儿童的阅读理解;五年级时,喃喃自语成为绝对优势,好于朗读和默读;(3)年级的调节作用部分通过阅读流畅性这一中介变量而实现。研究结果在一定程度上验证和补充了维果茨基内化说在阅读发展中的应用,启示不应盲目纠正儿童自然的阅读模式(如阅读中的喃喃自语)。此外,重视儿童阅读流畅性的训练可能有助于促进儿童阅读的内化进程。

关键词: 阅读模式, 阅读理解, 阅读流畅性, 小学阶段

Abstract: This study explored the role of grade in the process of Chinese children’s reading modes affecting reading comprehension and its internal mechanisms. Participants were 933 elementary children in grades 2 to 6. We compared their reading comprehension scores under three reading modes (reading aloud, mumble reading, and silent reading). The three-minute reading test assessed children’s reading fluency to explore its mediating role in the moderating effect model. The results indicated that: (1) Mumble reading was more conducive to Chinese elementary school children’s reading comprehension than silent reading; (2) Grade played a moderating role in the influence of reading modes on reading comprehension. For second-grade children, comprehension scores in the silent reading mode were significantly lower than those in reading aloud and mumble reading modes. While for fourth-grade children, comprehension scores in the mumble reading mode were significantly higher than those in silent reading mode. In addition, for children in the fifth grade, comprehension scores in the mumble reading mode were significantly higher than those in the other two modes; (3) Reading fluency played a partially mediating role in the moderating effect of grade on the relationship between reading modes and comprehension. This study validated and supplemented Vygotsky’s view of internalization in reading development to some extent, suggesting that we should not blindly correct children’s natural reading modes (such as the muttering phenomenon in reading). In addition, more attention should be paid to children’s reading fluency training because it may help facilitate children’s transition to silent reading.

Key words: reading mode, reading comprehension, reading fluency, primary stage

中图分类号:

G442

王淏蘭, 陈红君, 伍新春, 赵英, 孙鹏. 阅读模式对汉语儿童阅读理解的影响:有中介的调节模型[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2023, 39(3): 369-378.

WANG Haolan, CHEN Hongjun, WU Xinchun, ZHAO Ying, SUN Peng. The Effect of Reading Modes to Reading Comprehension in Chinese Children: A Mediated Moderation Model[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(3): 369-378.

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