累积生态风险与青少年的学业和社交能力：子女责任感的风险补偿与调节效应

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以613名青少年（平均年龄13.96岁，女生372人）为被试，考察子女责任感在累积生态风险与男、女生学业能力和社交能力关系中的风险补偿与调节效应。多重回归分析表明：（1）累积生态风险对男、女生的学业能力、社交能力都具有显著的负向预测作用；（2）子女责任感可以正向预测累积生态风险背景下女生的学业能力以及男生的社交能力，因此具有风险补偿效应；（3）子女责任感在累积生态风险与女生学业能力之间起“风险缓冲”作用，在累积生态风险与女生社交能力的关系中却具有“风险增强”作用，出现了“韧性代价”的现象；（4）子女责任感在累积生态风险与男生学业能力、社交能力关系中的调节效应均不显著。以上结果初步表明，某些处境不利儿童的健康发展可能存在代价，对逆境儿童的韧性发展可能不宜过分乐观。

关键词: 累积生态风险, 子女责任感, 学业能力, 社交能力, 韧性代价

Abstract: To investigate whether sense of responsibility to parents is a compensatory and a protective factor in the relations between cumulative ecological risk and adolescents' academic and social competence, a total of 613 adolescents (mean age=13.96 years; 372 girls) participated in this study. Multiple regression analyses showed that: (a) the cumulative ecological risk was negatively associated with academic competence and social competence in boys and girls. (b) Sense of responsibility to parents was positively related to girls' academic competence and boys' social competence, thus it was a compensatory factor in the relationship between cumulative ecological risk and adolescents' competence. (c) Sence of responsibility to parents buffered the negative effect of cumulative ecological risk on girls' academic competence; however, it enhanced the negative effect of cumulative ecological risk on girls' social competence. Thus, there was a cost of resilience. (d) The moderating effects of sense of responsibility to parents in the relations between cumulative ecological risk and boys' two domains of competence were not significant. In conclusion, there was a cost of resilience at least for some children, and we should not be over-optimistic about the resilience of adolescents experiencing severe adversity.

Key words: cumulative ecological risk, sense of responsibility to parents, academic competence, social competence, cost of resilience

中图分类号:

B844.2

鲍振宙, 李董平, 张卫, 王艳辉, 孙文强, 赵力燕. 累积生态风险与青少年的学业和社交能力：子女责任感的风险补偿与调节效应[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2014, 30(5): 482-495.

BAO Zhen-zhou, LI Dong-ping, ZHANG Wei, WANG Yan-hui, SUN Wen-qiang, ZHAO Li-yan. Cumulative Ecological Risk and Adolescents’ Academic and Social Competence：The Compensatory and Moderating Effects of Sense of Responsibility to Parents[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2014, 30(5): 482-495.

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