情绪状态对不同年龄儿童定势转换的影响

心理发展与教育 ›› 2009, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1): 21-26.

情绪状态对不同年龄儿童定势转换的影响

赵丽¹, 王勇慧¹, 王振宏¹, 游旭群¹, 岳彩群²

1. 陕西师范大学教科院心理系, 西安710062;
2. 西安市第六十七中学, 西安710014

出版日期:2009-01-15 发布日期:2009-01-15
通讯作者: 王勇慧,陕西师范大学教科院心理系教授,E-mail:wyonghui@snnu.edu.cn E-mail:wyonghui@snnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
全国教育科学“十一五”规划2007年度教育部重点课题(DBA070070);国家自然科学基金(30570602);陕西省哲学社会科学规划项目(04G008Z);国家社科基金“十一五”规划教育学2007年度国家重点课题(BBA070016);教育部人文社科规划基金项目(08JAXLX011);陕西省社会科学基金项目(08N008)资助

The Effects of Mood State on Set Shifting of Children

ZHAO Li¹, WANG Yong-hui¹, WANG Zhen-hong¹, YOU Xu-qun¹, YUE Cai-qun²

1. Department of psychology, Shaanxi normal university, Xi'an 710062;
2. The sixty seven middle school of Xi'an, Xi'an 710014

Online:2009-01-15 Published:2009-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用情绪影片引发情绪的方法,考察64名8~12岁儿童在正负情绪状态下定势转换能力的表现。研究为4(年龄)×2(情绪)×3(重复转换条件:重复、短时转换、长时转换)3因素重复测量混合设计。结果表明,情绪状态对任务转换产生了影响,可能是积极情绪比消极情绪对任务定势的长时转换削弱更大。不同年龄的儿童在这两种任务转换条件中没有出现显著的年龄差异,说明8~12岁儿童均已具备在两个任务之间进行即时转换的能力。

关键词: 定势转换, 任务转换, 情绪状态

Abstract: Using the emotional films to induce the mood state,this study investigated set shifting ability of 64 children from age 8 to 12 years old at the state of positive or negative emotion.The experiment was a 4(age:8;9;10;12)×2 (emotion:positive;negative)×3(repeat;two shift conditions)mixed design.The results showed that the mood state had significant effect on set shifting,the positive mood state may impair performance on switching condition,especially when switching to a new task set after repeating more items in the same set comparing with switching after repeating less items in the same set.None of the significant differences were observed among children of four age groups in both of the switching conditions,suggesting that children of age from 8 to 12 years all have the capacity to switch on-line between two task sets.

Key words: set shifting, task switch, mood state

中图分类号:

B844.1

赵丽, 王勇慧, 王振宏, 游旭群, 岳彩群. 情绪状态对不同年龄儿童定势转换的影响[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2009, 25(1): 21-26.

ZHAO Li, WANG Yong-hui, WANG Zhen-hong, YOU Xu-qun, YUE Cai-qun. The Effects of Mood State on Set Shifting of Children[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2009, 25(1): 21-26.

参考文献

[1] Monsell S,Driver J.Control of cognitive process Attention and PerformanceⅩⅧ.Berkshire,The MIT Press,1998:33-37.
[2] Heyder K,Suchan B,Daum I.Cortico-subcortical contributions to executive control.Acta Psychologia,2004,115(2-3):271-289.
[3] Zelazo P D,Craik F I M,Booth L.Executive function across the lifespan.Acta Psychologia,2004,115(2-3):167-183.
[4] Monsell S.Task switching.Trends in Cognitive Sciences,2003,7 (3):134-140.
[5] Kray J,Eber J,Lindenberger U.Age differences in executive functioning across the lifespan:the role of verbalization in task preparation. Acta Psychologia,2004,115(2-3):143-165.
[6] Gray J R.Integration of emotion and cognitive control.American Psychological Society,2004,13(2):46-48.
[7] Dreisbach G.How positive affect modulates cognitive control:The costs and benefits of reduced maintenance capability.Brain and Cognition, 2006,60(1):11-19.
[8] Murray N,Sujan H,Hirt E R,et al.The influence of mood on categorization:a cognitive flexibility interpretation.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.1990,59(3):411-425.
[9] Span M M,Ridderinkhof K R,Van der molen M W.Age-related changes in the efficiency of cognitive processing across the life span.Acta Psychologia,2004,117(2):155-183.
[10] Ashby F G,Isen A M,Turken U.A neuropsychological theory of positive affect and its influence on cognition.Psychological Review 1999,106 (3):529-550.
[11] Philips L H,Bull R,Adams E,et al.Positive mood and executive functions:Evidence from stroop and fluency tasks.Emotion,2002, 2(1):12-22.
[12] Paulitzki R J,Risko F E,Oakman M J,et al.Doing the unpleasant:How the emotional nature of a threat-relevant task affects task-switching.Personality and Individual Differences,2008,45(5):350-355.
[13] 李红,王乃戈.论执行功能及其发展研究.心理科学, 2004,27(2):426-430.
[14] 周玫,周晓林.儿童执行功能与情绪调节.心理与行为研究,2003,1(3):194-199.
[15] Wylie A,Allport G.Task switching and the measurement of "switch costs".Psychological Research,2000,63(3-4):212-233.
[16] 史艺荃,周晓林.执行控制研究的重要范式——任务切换.心理科学进展,2004,12(5):672-679.
[17] 王振宏,郭德俊,游旭群等.身体攻击行为学生自主神经活动的情绪唤醒特点.心理学报,2007,39(2):277-284.
[18] Kray J,Li K Z H,Lindenberger U.Age-related changes in task-switching components:the role of task uncertainty.Brain and Cognition, 2002,49(3):363-381.
[19] 王艳梅,郭德俊.积极情绪对任务转换的影响.心理学报, 2008,40(3):301-306.
[20] Logan G D.Executive control of thought and action:in search of the wild homunculus.Current Directions in Psychological Science,2003,12 (2):45-48.
[21] Meiran N,Chorev Z,Sapir A.Component processses in task switching.Cognitive Psychology,2000,41(3):211-253.

多维度评价

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed