9—16岁儿童因果判断过程中经验信息与共变信息的作用

心理发展与教育 ›› 2004, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (1): 12-17.

9—16岁儿童因果判断过程中经验信息与共变信息的作用

胡清芬, 林崇德

北京师范大学发展心理研究所, 北京, 100875

出版日期:2004-01-15 发布日期:2004-01-15
作者简介:胡清芬(1976- ),女,汉族,北京师范大学发展心理研究所,博士生.

The Influence of Beliefs and Covariation in Causal Reasoning

HU Qing-fen, LIN Chong-de

Development Psychology Institute of Beijing Normal University

Online:2004-01-15 Published:2004-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究考察了小学、初中、高中三个年龄组的被试在使用经验信息和共变信息进行因果判断时所具有的不同特点。研究结果表明:(1)当经验信息无法证明待判断原因是否可信时,共变信息的作用要大一些;(2)随着被试年龄的增长,他们越来越多地采用共变信息进行判断;(3)ΔP值的作用并不是直线性的,只有当它增大到一定程度时,被试才会改变自己的判断。

关键词: 因果共变, 经验信息, 因果判断

Abstract: The persent study investigated how subjects of three different ages use covariation information and pre-existing belifs in causal reasoning.The results were as follows: (1) The effect of covariation information is much bigger when subjects have no pre-existing beliefs about the problem.(2) Older subjects emhpasis covariation information more than younger subjects in their causal reasoning.(3) The effect of ΔP is not linear.Subjects change their judgements when it increases uo to some thresholds.

Key words: covariation, pre-existing beliefs

胡清芬, 林崇德. 9—16岁儿童因果判断过程中经验信息与共变信息的作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2004, 20(1): 12-17.

HU Qing-fen, LIN Chong-de. The Influence of Beliefs and Covariation in Causal Reasoning[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2004, 20(1): 12-17.

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