单字词识别中多义词识别优势效应的年龄特点

心理发展与教育 ›› 2002, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (3): 46-52.

单字词识别中多义词识别优势效应的年龄特点

邓园¹, 彭聃龄¹, 魏若鸿²

1. 北京师范大学心理学院, 100875;
2. Lehigh university, USA

出版日期:2002-07-15 发布日期:2002-07-15
作者简介:邓园(1979- ),女,北京师范大学心理学院硕士研究生.
基金资助:
教育部文科研究基地课题(39730180)资助

The Polysemous advantage effects and Its Development in Identification of Chinese One-Characters

DENG Yuan¹, PENG Dan-ling¹, WEI Ruo-hong²

1. School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, 100875;
2. Lehigh university, USA

Online:2002-07-15 Published:2002-07-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用词汇判断任务,以小学三年级、五年级儿童以及大学生为被试,考察单字词识别中的多义词识别优势效应的年龄特点.结果发现:(1)三组被试都表现出单字词识别中的多义词识别优势效应,且效应发生在低频字上;(2)随年龄的增长和识字能力的提高,儿童汉字识别的错误率降低;而多义词识别优势效应呈现递减的趋势.小学三年级已经发展出多义词的识别优势,小学五年级的反应模式与大学生的基本接近.最后,从语义反馈量、加工方式差异等角度对结果进行了解释.

关键词: 单字词, 多义词识别优势效应, 平行分布加工模型(PDP模型), 识字水平

Abstract: The polysemous advantage effects and its development in identification of Chinese one characters were examined in lexical decision task.Subjects were primary students of grade 3, 5 and college students.The results showed: (1) The polysemous advantage effects were observed in low frequency characters across groups.(2) The error rate falls and the polysemous advantage effect weakens as the grade grows and ability of learning characters improves.The advantage of Polysemy in word identif icat ion has been developed in grade 3.The response pattern in grade 5 approaches to that in college student.The explains of results are given from the view of different semant ic feedback quantity and processing pattern in high/low frequent word ident ification.

Key words: Chinese one characters, polysemy effect, Parallel Distributed Processing Model

邓园, 彭聃龄, 魏若鸿. 单字词识别中多义词识别优势效应的年龄特点[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2002, 17(3): 46-52.

DENG Yuan, PENG Dan-ling, WEI Ruo-hong. The Polysemous advantage effects and Its Development in Identification of Chinese One-Characters[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2002, 17(3): 46-52.

参考文献

[1] Lichacz, F M., Herdman, C M., Lefevre, J. & Baird, B. (1999). Polysemy effect in word naming. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, Vol. 53, No. 2, 189-193.
[2] Hino, Y. & Lupker, S J. (1996). Effects of Polysemy in Lexicai Decision and Naming. Human Perception and Performance, Vol. 22, No. 6, 1331-1356.
[3] Hian, Y. & Lupker, S J., Sears, C R. & Ogawa, T. (1998). The Effects of Polysemy For Japenses Katakana Words. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Joumal 10: 359-4241
[4] Millis, M L. & Button, S B. (1989). The effect of polysemy on lexical decision time: Now you see it, now you don't. Memory & Cognition, 17, 141-147.
[5] McClelland, J L. & Rumelhart, D E. (1981). An interactive activation model of context effects in letter perception: Part 1. An account of basic findings. Psychological Review 88: 375-407.
[6] Borowsky, R. & Masson, M. E. J. (1996). Semantic Ambiguity Effects in Word identification. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, Vol. 22, No. 1, 63-85
[7] Chumbley, J I. & Balota, D A. (1984). A word's meaning affects the decision in lexical decision, Memory & Cognition 12: 590-606.
[8] 陈宝国,彭聃龄.中文双词词识别中的多义性效应.心理学报,2001,4.
[9] 刘旭刚.汉语双词词识别中的多义性效应.硕士论文,2000,9.
[10] 彭聃龄,邓园,陈宝国.汉语单字多义词的识别优势效应.投稿到心理学报,待发表.

多维度评价

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed