累积创伤对儿童复杂性创伤后应激障碍的影响：经验回避与消极认知情绪调节策略的中介作用

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2022.05.09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨儿童的累积创伤与复杂性创伤后应激障碍(CPTSD)的关系机制,研究以方便取样法选取河南省7所小学的3478名4~5年级、有创伤经历的儿童为被试,采用创伤经历核查表、抑郁的行为激活问卷、认知情绪调节问卷和国际创伤问卷进行测试。结果发现:(1)累积创伤、经验回避、消极认知情绪调节策略和CPTSD之间具有显著相关性,且累积创伤能够显著正向预测CPTSD;(2)经验回避和消极认知情绪调节策略在累积创伤和CPTSD之间起显著的中介作用。具体为:一是经验回避的中介作用;二是灾难化的中介作用;三是经验回避-自责、经验回避-沉思、经验回避-灾难化的链式中介作用。因此,减少创伤事件的发生,激活儿童行为,调整消极认知情绪是改善和预防儿童CPTSD的重要途径。

关键词: 小学生, 累积创伤, 经验回避, 消极认知, 创伤事件

Abstract: This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism between cumulative traumatic experiences and complex posttraumatic stress disorders (CPTSD). Using the convenience sampling method, a total of 3478 traumatized children in grades 4~5 from 7 primary schools in Henan province were selected. All participants completed questionnaires regarding the Traumatic Experiences Checklist, the Behavioral Activation for Depression Scale-Short Form, the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire-Short Form and the International Trauma Questionnaire. The results showed that:(1) cumulative traumatic experiences, experiential avoidance, and negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies were significantly associated with CPTSD. Besides, cumulative traumatic experiences positively predicted children's CPTSD; (2) experiential avoidance and negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies mediated the relationship between cumulative traumatic experiences and CPTSD. Specifically, experiential avoidance and catastrophizing acted as the mediation effect on the relation between the cumulative traumatic experiences and complex posttraumatic stress disorders (CPTSD), respectively. Furthermore, the chain mediating effect of experiential avoidance on self-blame/rumination/catastrophizing was also found. Therefore, reducing the incidence of traumatic events, activating children's behavior, and adjusting the pattern of negative cognition may contribute to the prevention and alleviation of children's CPTSD.

Key words: elementary students, cumulative traumatic experiences, experiential avoidance, negative cognitive, traumatic events

中图分类号:

B844

李继娜, 王玮玮, 张维军, 屈智勇. 累积创伤对儿童复杂性创伤后应激障碍的影响：经验回避与消极认知情绪调节策略的中介作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2022, 38(5): 683-691.

LI Jina, WANG Weiwei, ZHANG Weijun, QU Zhiyong. The Mediating Effects of Experiential Avoidance and Negative Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies on the Relationship between Cumulative Traumatic Experiences and Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorders in Children[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(5): 683-691.

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