Psychological Development and Education ›› 2007, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 18-23.

Previous Articles     Next Articles

The Development of English Spelling in Chinese Elementary School Students from Third to Sixth Grade and Its Relationship with Orthographic Awareness

LI Bei-lei, ZHOU Ying, LI Yan-fang, DONG Qi   

  1. Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University 100875
  • Online:2007-01-15 Published:2007-01-15

Abstract: English spelling skills and orthographic awareness were investigated in 167 Chinese students from third to sixth grade.The results showed that English spelling of Chinese elementary school students was generally on letter-name stage according to Stage Theory of spelling development and it was improved significantly when moving to Grade Five from Grade Four.It is also found that there is a significant correlation between student's English spelling ability and their orthographic awareness.Furthermore,English spelling ability can be reliably predicted by double position rule awareness in Grade Four,Five and Six children.

Key words: English spelling, orthographic awareness, developmental, stages

CLC Number: 

  • B844.2
[1] Treiman R,Cassar M,Zukowski A.What types of linguistic information do children use in spelling? The case of flaps.Child Development,1994,65 (5):1318-1337.
[2] Walker J,Hauerwas L B.Development of phonological,morphological,and orthographic knowledge in young spellers:The case of inflected verbs.Reading and Writing,2006,19 (8):819-843.
[3] Ehri L C.Sources of difficulty in learning to spell and read.In M.L.Wolraich & D.Routh (Eds.),Advances in Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics.Greenwich,CT:JAI Press.1986.
[4] Henderson E H.Teaching Spelling (2nd Ed.).Boston:Houghton Mifflin.1990.
[5] Varnhagen C K,McCallum M,Burstow M.Is children's spelling naturally stage-like? Reading and Writing,1997,9 (5-6):451-481.
[6] Caravolas M,Hulme C,Snowling M.The foundations of spelling ability:Evidence from a 3-year longitudinal study.Journal of Memory and Language,2001,45:751-774.
[7] Nagy W,Berninger V,Abbott R,Vaughan K,& Vermeulen K.Relationship of morphology and other language skills to literacy skills in atrisk second-grade readers and at-risk fourth-grade writers.Journal of Educational Psychology,2003,95 (4):730-742.
[8] Juul H,Elbro C.The links between grammar and spelling:A cognitive hurdle in deep orthographies? Reading and Writing,2004,17 (9):915-942.
[9] Swan D,Goswami U.Phonological awareness deficits in developmental dyslexia and the phonological representations hypothesis.Journal of Experimental Child Psychology,1997,66:18-41.
[10] Leong C K.Phonological coding and children's spelling.Annals of Dyslexia,1999,49:195-220.
[11] Tangel D,Blachman B.Effect of phoneme awareness instruction on the invented spelling of first-grade children:A one-year follow up.Journal of Reading Behavior,1995,27:153-185.
[12] 张积家,林志华.汉语拼音水平与英语语音意识、英语拼写能力的关系.心理科学,2002,25(5):601-602.
[13] Templeton S.Theory,nature,and pedagogy of high-order orthographic development in older students.In Templeton,S.& Bear,D.R.(Eds.),Development of Orthographic Knowledge and the Foundation of Literacy.Hillsdale,NJ:ErlBaum.1992.
[14] Frith U.Beneath the surface of developmental dyslexia:are comparisons between developmental and acquired disorders meaningful? In Patterson K E,Marshall J C,Coltheart M.(Eds.),Surface Dyslexia:Neuropsychological and Cognitive Studies of Phonological Reading.Hillsdale,NJ:Erlbaum.1985.
[15] Cassar M,Treiman R.The beginnings of orthographic knowledge:Children's knowledge of double letters in words.Journal of Educational Psychology,1997,89 (4):631-644.
[16] Cioffi G,Carney J J.Dynamic assessment of composing abilities in children with learning disabilities.Educational Assessment,1997,4 (3):175-202.
[17] Wang M,Geva E.Spelling performance of Chinese children using English as a second language:Lexical and visual-orthographic processes.Applied Psycholinguistics,2003,24:1-25.
[18] Karmiloff-Smith A.Grant J,Sims K,Jones M C,Cuckle P.Rethinking metalinguistic awareness:Representing and accessing knowledge about what counts as a ‘word'.Cognition,1996,58:197-219.
[19] Ehri L C.The development of reading and spelling in children:An overview.In Snowling M J,Thomson M.(Eds.),Dyslexia:Integrating Theory and Practice.London:Whurr.1992.
[1] CHEN Shuling, JIA Huibin, JIN Can, ZHANG Xin, WANG Enguo. Characteristics of Pre-attentive Processing of Visual Channels in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: Evidences from ERPs [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2024, 40(1): 19-28.
[2] LI Jinwen, BAI Rong, WANG Yumeng, LIU Xia. The Relationship between Developmental Trajectories of Adolescents’ Depression and Self-injury: A Two-year Longitudinal Study [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(3): 429-438.
[3] HUANG Jie, ZHU Dan, YANG Ao. The Developmental Trajectory of Student Teachers' Professional Identity in the Early Stages of Teaching Practice and its Relationship with Proactive Personality: A Longitudinal Study [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2023, 39(1): 40-47.
[4] JIANG Yingying, AN Jing, MA Li, ZHU Liqi. 8~15 Year Olds’ Understanding of Wealth and Poverty including a Developmental Comparison between Children and Adults [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(4): 466-474.
[5] LIN Lin, QIU Shaojie, LIU Yu, YANG Yang, YANG Ya'nan, JIA Xuji, XU Zhansheng, BAI Xuejun. The Trajectories of Impulsivity during Early Adolescence: Identifying Latent Subgroups and Influence Factors [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(3): 339-347.
[6] LIU Shen, GAN Yetong, WANG Chen, WANG Gaofeng. Research Highlights and Development Trends of the Developmental Psychology in China: Based on the Bibliometric Analysis on 35 Years’ Publications in Psychological Development and Education [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(3): 447-456.
[7] WU Peng, ZHANG Qi, WANGYANG Chunzi. The Relationship between Parental Style and Cyber Victimization of Junior High School Students: A Longitudinal Study [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(5): 719-726.
[8] PAN Yangu, ZHANG Dajun, LI Zhiyang. The Effects of Parental and Peer Attachment on Development of Psychological Suzhi among Middle School Students: From Personal-centered Perspective [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(4): 558-567.
[9] ZUO Tingting, HU Qingfen. The Automaticity of Children's Spatial Perspective-taking and Its Development [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2021, 37(3): 313-322.
[10] MENG Hongxia, BAI Xuejun, TAN Ke, SU Juan. The Visual Crowding Effect in Developmental Dyslexia [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2020, 36(6): 762-768.
[11] CHENG Yahua, ZHOU Tingna, ZHAO Ying, LI Hong, WU Xinchun. The Developmental Trajectories of Reading Fluency and Its Predictive Effects on Reading Comprehension in Chinese Primary School Students [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2019, 35(6): 686-696.
[12] LIU Hanlong, ZHAO Jing. The Development of Visual Attention Span And Its Effect on Reading Fluency in Chinese Children with Developmental Dyslexia [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2018, 34(5): 533-540.
[13] LIU Yufei, QIAN Yi, SONG Yaowu, BI Hongyan. Study on the Emergence and Development of Orthographic Awareness in Chinese Preschool Children [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2018, 34(1): 65-72.
[14] HUI Yi, ZHOU Xuelian, LI Yixun, DE Xiuqi, LI Hong, LIU Xiangping. Developmental Trends of Literacy Skills of Chinese Lower Graders: The Predicting Effects of Reading-related Cognitive Skills [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2018, 34(1): 73-79.
[15] QU Xiaolan, LING Yu, MENG Hong, CHEN Qufeng. False Memory of Sentences in Children: Developmental Reversal and Effect of Elaborative Inferences in Texts [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2017, 33(3): 265-272.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!