Abstract: With the increasing economic disparity and rapid urbanization in China, a large number of rural children migrate to cities for better education and living conditions with their parents. Compared with non-migrant counterparts, children who migrate to host cities with parents are likely to encounter unique challenges (eg., mobility and educational settings). Loneliness has been the most significant problem among migrant children population. Researchers have considered mobility and educational settings as specific stress for migrant children. However, resilience could be an important promotive factor which may foster the positive influences on children's psychological adjustment. Consequently, this study simultaneously examined the developmental trajectory of loneliness and the risky influence of mobility and educational settings as well as promotive effect of resilience among migrant children in Beijing, China. In the current study, a sample of 426 migrant children from Grade 4^th and 5^th in two primary schools were recruited in Beijing, China. The results showed that:(1) Children's loneliness decreased in a linear trajectory from Grade 4^th to Grade 5^th. (2) Although high mobility and studying in private migrant children schools could influence the initial level of loneliness, there were no mobility and educational settings differences in the change of loneliness over time. (3) Resilience could not only significantly influence children's initial level of loneliness, but also significantly predict the decrease speed of loneliness. These findings indicated that improving the opportunities to study in public primary schools, decreasing the rate of mobility as well as developing resilience-based intervention could have significant positive effect on migrant children's loneliness.

Key words: migrant children, loneliness, mobility, resilience, longitudinal study