Psychological Development and Education ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 664-672.

Previous Articles    

Embodied Morality:A New Approach in Moral Psychology

CHEN Xiao1,2, JIANG Qi1,2, HOU Min1,2, ZHU Meng-yin1,2   

  1. 1. Faculty of Psychological Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715;
    2. Mental Health Research Center of Southwest University, Chongqing 400715
  • Online:2014-11-15 Published:2014-11-15

Abstract: The embodied morality is that the physical and its activities have an interactive impact with moral psychology and behavior. The research paradigms of embodied morality are including moral Stroop, implicit association test, the paradigm of situation change, and the paradigm of mood change. Embodied morality combines the effects of body anatomy, perception experience and the interaction of body and environment with moral psychology and behavior. In the relationships with perception experience and moral psychology, it includes the relationship between physical disgust and moral, self-cleanness and moral purity metaphor, moral-lightness metaphor, moral-color metaphor, the spatial dimension of moral and the time dimension of moral. Future research should enrich and improve the research contents, study the metaphorical cultural differences and consistency effect, use of various methods and techniques and so on.

Key words: embodied morality, embodied cognition, moral psychology, moral behavior

CLC Number: 

  • B844.3

Agerström, J., & Björklund, F. (2009). Temporal distance and moral concerns:Future morally questionable behavior is perceived as more wrong and evokes stronger prosocial intentions.Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 31(1), 49-59.

Agerström, J., Björklund, F., & Carlsson, R. (2012). Emotions in time:Moral emotions appear more intense with temporal distance.Social Cognition, 30(2), 181-198.

Banerjee, P., Chatterjee, P., & Sinha, J. (2012). Is it light or dark? Recalling moral behavior changes perception of brightness.Psychological Science, 23(4), 407-409.

Bargh, J. A., Schwader, K. L., Hailey, S. E., Dyer, R. L., & Boothby, E. J. (2012). Automaticity in social-cognitive processes.Trends in cognitive sciences, 16(12), 593-605.

Bobro, M. E. (1999). Leibniz on embodiment and the moral order.The Southern journal of philosophy, 37(3), 377-396.

Brandt M. J., IJzerman H., & Blanken,I. (2014). Does Recalling Moral Behavior Does Recalling Moral Behavior of Brightness? A Replication and Meta-Analysis of Banerjee, Chatterjee, and Sinha (2012).Social Psychology, 45(3), 246-252.

Chapman, H. A., & Anderson, A. K. (2013). Things rank and gross in nature:A review and synthesis of moral disgust.Psychological bulletin, 139(2), 300.

Chiou, W.-B., & Cheng, Y.-Y. (2013). In broad daylight, we trust in God! Brightness, the salience of morality, and ethical behavior.Journal of Environmental Psychology, 36, 37-42.

Cohon, R. (2010). Hume's moral philosophy. In Edward N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy (Fall 2010 edition). Retrieved February 22, 2011, from http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2010/entries/hume-moral/

Damasio, A. (2008).Descartes' error:Emotion, reason and the human brain:Random House.

Elliot, A. J., & Maier, M. A. (2014). Color Psychology:Effects of Perceiving Color on Psychological Functioning in Humans.Annual review of psychology, 65, 95-120.

Eskine, K. J., Kacinik, N. A., & Prinz, J. J. (2011). A Bad Taste in the Mouth Gustatory Disgust Influences Moral Judgment.Psychological Science, 22(3), 295-299.

Eyal, T., Liberman, N., & Trope, Y. (2008). Judging near and distant virtue and vice.Journal of experimental social psychology, 44(4), 1204-1209.

Fay, A. J., & Maner, J. K. (2012). Warmth, spatial proximity, and social attachment:The embodied perception of a social metaphor.Journal of experimental social psychology, 48(6), 1369-1372.

Fayard, J. V., Bassi, A. K., Bernstein, D. M., & Roberts, B. W. (2009). Is cleanliness next to godliness? Dispelling old wives' tales:Failure to replicate Zhong and Liljenquist (2006).Journal of Articles in Support of the Null Hypothesis, 6(2).

Fu, J.H.Y., Chiu, C.Y., Morris, M.W., & Young, M.J. (2007). Spontaneous inferences from cultural cues:Varying responses of cultural insiders and outsiders.Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 38(1), 58-75.

Fusar-Poli, P., & Stanghellini, G. (2009). Maurice Merleau-Ponty and the “embodied subjectivity” (1908-61).Medical Anthropology Quarterly, 23(2), 91-93.

Gámez, E., Díaz, J. M., & Marrero, H. (2011). The uncertain universality of the Macbeth effect with a Spanish sample.The Spanish journal of psychology, 14(01), 156-162.

Goldman, A., & de Vignemont, F. (2009). Is social cognition embodied?Trends in cognitive sciences, 13(4), 154-159.

Haidt, J. (2001). The emotional dog and its rational tail:a social intuitionist approach to moral judgment.Psychological review, 108(4), 814.

Haidt, J., & Graham, J. (2007). When morality opposes justice:Conservatives have moral intuitions that liberals may not recognize.Social Justice Research, 20(1), 98-116.

Hanyu, K. (2000). Visual properties and affective appraisals in residential areas in daylight.Journal of Environmental Psychology, 20(3), 273-284.

Heather Looy.(2004). Embodied and Embedded Morality:Divinity, Identity, and Disgust.Journal of Religion & Science, 10(1), 219-235.

Hill, P. L., & Lapsley, D. K. (2009). The ups and downs of the moral personality:Why it's not so black and white.Journal of Research in Personality, 43(3), 520-523.

Hume, D. (1978). A treatise of human nature(2nd ed., L. A. Selby-Bigge & P. H. Niddich, Eds.). Oxford:Clarendon Press. (Original work published 1739-1740)

Ji, T.-T., Ding, Y, Deng, H., Jing,. M, & Jiang, Q. (2013). Does "spicy girl" have a peppery temper? the metaphorical link betwwen spicy tastes and anger.Social Behavior and Personality:an international journal, 41(8), 1379-1385.

Johansson, M., Rosén, M., & Küller, R. (2011). Individual factors influencing the assessment of the outdoor lighting of an urban footpath.Lighting research and Technology, 43(1), 31-43.

Koenigs, M., Young, L., Adolphs, R., Tranel, D., Cushman, F., Hauser, M., & Damasio, A. (2007). Damage to the prefrontal cortex increases utilitarian moral judgements.Nature, 446(7138), 908-911.

Lakens, D. (2012). Polarity correspondence in metaphor congruency effects:Structural overlap predicts categorization times for bipolar concepts presented in vertical space.Journal of Experimental Psychology:Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 38(3), 726.

Lakens, D., Semin, G. R., & Foroni, F. (2012). But for the bad, there would not be good:Grounding valence in brightness through shared relational structures.Journal of Experimental Psychology:General, 141(3), 584.

Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1999).Philosophy in the flesh:The embodied mind and its challenge to western thought:Basic books.

Lee, S. W., & Schwarz, N. (2010a). Dirty hands and dirty mouths embodiment of the moral-purity metaphor is specific to the motor modality involved in moral transgression.Psychological Science, 21(10), 1423-1425.

Lee, S. W., & Schwarz, N. (2010b). Washing away postdecisional dissonance.Science, 328(5979), 709.

Liljenquist, K., Zhong, C.-B., & Galinsky, A. D. (2010). The Smell of Virtue Clean Scents Promote Reciprocity and Charity.Psychological Science, 21(3), 381-383.

Meier, B. P., Robinson, M. D., & Clore, G. L. (2004). Why Good Guys Wear White Automatic Inferences About Stimulus Valence Based on Brightness.Psychological Science, 15(2), 82-87.

Meier, B. P., Schnall, S., Schwarz, N., & Bargh, J. A. (2012). Embodiment in social psychology.Topics in Cognitive Science, 4(4), 705-716.

Meier, B. P., Sellbom, M., & Wygant, D. B. (2007). Failing to take the moral high ground:Psychopathy and the vertical representation of morality.Personality and individual differences, 43(4), 757-767.

Merleau-Ponty, M. (1962/1970). Phenomenology of perception.Routledge and Kegan Paul/The Humanities Press.

Nagel, J., & Waldmann, M. R. (2013). Deconfounding distance effects in judgments of moral obligation.Journal of Experimental Psychology:Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39(1), 237.

Nicholas Witkowski. (2009). Virtuous Bodies:The Physical Dimensions of Morality in Buddhist Ethics.Journal of the American Oriental Society, 129(3), 517-520.

Ottaviani, C., Mancini, F., Petrocchi, N., Medea, B., & Couyoumdjian, A. (2013). Autonomic correlates of physical and moral disgust.International Journal of Psychophysiology, 89(1), 57-62.

Pascual, L., Rodrigues, P., & Gallardo-Pujol, D. (2013). How does morality work in the brain? A functional and structural perspective of moral behavior.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience, 7.

Piaget,J.(1997).The Moral Judgment of the Child,Free Press, New York, NY.

Russell, P. S., & Giner-Sorolla, R. (2013). Bodily moral disgust:What it is, how it is different from anger, and why it is an unreasoned emotion.Psychological bulletin, 139(2), 328.

Schnall, S., Benton, J., & Harvey, S. (2008). With a clean conscience cleanliness reduces the severity of moral judgments.Psychological Science, 19(12), 1219-1222.

Schnall, S., Haidt, J., Clore, G. L., & Jordan, A. H. (2008). Disgust as embodied moral judgment.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(8), 1096-1109.

Sherman, G. D., & Clore, G. L. (2009). The Color of Sin:White and Black Are Perceptual Symbols of Moral Purity and Pollution.Psychological Science, 20(8), 1019-1025.

Solarz, A. K. (1960). Latency of instrumental responses as a function of compatibility with the meaning of eliciting verbal signs.Journal of experimental psychology, 59(4), 239.

Steidle, A., Hanke, E.-V., & Werth, L. (2013). In The Dark We Cooperate:The Situated Nature of Procedural Embodiment.Social Cognition, 31(2), 275-300.

Steidle, A., Werth, L., & Hanke, E.-V. (2011). You can't see much in the dark:Darkness affects construal level and psychological distance.Social Psychology, 42(3), 174.

Tetlock, P. E., Kristel, O. V., Elson, S. B., Green, M. C., & Lerner, J. S. (2000). The psychology of the unthinkable:taboo trade-offs, forbidden base rates, and heretical counterfactuals.Journal of personality and social psychology, 78(5), 853.

Travis, F., Harung, H.S., & Lagrosen, Y. (2011). Moral development, executive functioning, peak experiences and brain patterns in professional and amateur classical musicians:Interpreted in light of a unified theory of performance.Conscious Cogn, 20(4), 1256-1264.

Trope, Y., & Liberman, N. (2003). Temporal construal.Psychological Review, 110, 403-421.

Williams, J. E., & Roberson, J. K. (1967). A METHOD FOR ASSESSING RACIAL ATTITUDES IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN.Educational and Psychological Measurement.

Zarkadi, T., & Schnall, S. (2013). “Black and White” thinking:Visual contrast polarizes moral judgment.Journal of experimental social psychology, 49(3), 355-359.

Zhong, C.-B., & Liljenquist, K. (2006). Washing away your sins:Threatened morality and physical cleansing.Science, 313(5792), 1451-1452.

Zhong, C.-B., Strejcek, B., & Sivanathan, N. (2010). A clean self can render harsh moral judgment.Journal of experimental social psychology, 46(5), 859-862.

Zimbardo, P. G. (1972).Stanford prison experiment:A simulation study of the psychology of imprisonment:Philip G. Zimbardo, Incorporated.

丁毅, 纪婷婷, 邹文谦, 刘燕, 冉光明, 陈旭. (2013). 物理温度向社会情感的隐喻映射:作用机制及其解释.心理科学进展, 21(006), 1133-1140.

冯源,苏彦捷. (2005). 孤独症儿童对道德和习俗规则的判断.中国特殊教育, (60), 65-69.

李其维. (2008). “认知革命”与“第二代认知科学”刍议.心理学报,40(12), 1306-1327.

罗跃嘉, 古若雷, 陈华, 黄淼. (2008). 社会认知神经科学研究的最新进展.心理科学进展, 16(3), 430-434.

彭凯平,喻丰. (2012). 道德的心理物理学:现象、机制与意义.中国社会科学, (12), 28-45.

舒华. (2008). 脑损伤语言认知障碍研究—认知神经心理学研究途径.心理科学进展, 16 (1), 1-3.

王锃, 鲁忠义. (2013). 道德概念的垂直空间隐喻及其对认知的影响.心理学报, 45(5),538-545.

王传涛.(2013). “脏文凭”与“假文凭”哪个更令人厌恶.羊城晚报.热点快评, 7月29日.

肖燕. (2012). 时间的概念化及其语言表征. 博士学位论文,西南大学.

谢久书, 张常青, 王瑞明, 陆直. (2011). 知觉符号理论及其研究范式.心理科学进展,19,1293-1305.

阎书昌. (2011). 身体洁净与道德.心理科学进展, 19 (8), 1242-1248.

叶浩生. (2010). 具身认知:认知心理学的新取向.心理科学进展,(5), 705-710.

叶浩生. (2011). 西方心理学中的具身认知研究思潮.华中师范大学(人文社会科学版),50(4), 153-160.
[1] XIE Jiu-shu, WANG Rui-ming, ZHANG Kun, ZHANG Chang-qing. The Effect of Different Kinds of Perceptual Stimulus on Language Comprehension [J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2012, 28(5): 502-509.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!