4岁儿童对过去事件的自传式回忆的表述特征

心理发展与教育 ›› 2004, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (4): 1-6.

• 认知与社会性发展 • 下一篇

4岁儿童对过去事件的自传式回忆的表述特征

陈会昌¹, 俞凤茹², 侯静¹, 陈欣银³

1. 北京师范大学发展心理研究所, 北京, 100875;
2. 秦皇岛市教育学院, 河北省, 066000;
3. 加拿大西安大略大学心理系

出版日期:2004-10-15 发布日期:2004-10-15
作者简介:陈会昌(1947- ),男,北京师范大学发展心理研究所教授.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目;批准号39970259;William T. Grant资助.

The Characteristcs of the Expression by the 4-year-old Children in their Autobiographical Memory

CHEN Hui-chang¹, YU Feng-ru², HOU Jing¹, CHEN Xin-yin³

1. Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, China;
2. Qinhuangdao Teacher's College, China;
3. Department of Psychology, the Western Ontario University, Canada

Online:2004-10-15 Published:2004-10-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究目的是考察4岁儿童的自传式回忆的表述特征。研究对象为76名4岁儿童(男25,女51),让他们在实验室中面对陌生实验员和另三名儿童讲述自己过生日的经历。对录像材料的编码分为四个维度:对事件回忆的逻辑顺序性、事件内容的丰富性、表述的主动性以及讲述时的身体姿态。结果表明:(1)儿童在对过去事件做自传式回忆时,在事件回忆的逻辑顺序性方面,能够独立地按照事件发生顺序回忆的儿童占36.8%。(2)在进行自传式回忆时,儿童每人平均说出1 7个事件,25个字。(3)4岁儿童在陌生情境中对过去事件进行自传式回忆的能力表现接近于正态分布。(4)4岁儿童自传式表达的主动性与顺序性及含字量之间,事件个数与含字量及顺序性之间,顺序性与体态之间均存在显著的正相关关系。

关键词: 4岁儿童, 自传式回忆, 顺序性, 丰富性

Abstract: The purpose of present study is to investigate the expressive characteristics of autobiographical memory of 4-year-olds.The participants were 76 children who were asked to tell their experiences of their own birthday to a strange experimenter and three strange children in laboratory.The videotape data have been coded into four dimen-sions:the logical sequence of events memory,the abundant of events content,the activity of expression,and body posture of expression.Results show that 36.8% of the subjects could memory the events according to the sequence of the events;the mean events that subjects recalled was 1.7 and mean words that the events included was 9;there are positive relationships between expressive activity and sequence as well as included words of expression,amount of recalled events and included words and memory sequence,sequence and body posture.

Key words: 4 year old children, autobiographical memory, sequence of memory

中图分类号:

B844.1

陈会昌, 俞凤茹, 侯静, 陈欣银. 4岁儿童对过去事件的自传式回忆的表述特征[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2004, 20(4): 1-6.

CHEN Hui-chang, YU Feng-ru, HOU Jing, CHEN Xin-yin. The Characteristcs of the Expression by the 4-year-old Children in their Autobiographical Memory[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2004, 20(4): 1-6.

参考文献

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4岁儿童对过去事件的自传式回忆的表述特征

The Characteristcs of the Expression by the 4-year-old Children in their Autobiographical Memory

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