老年人整体运动知觉衰退的视觉机制——基于知觉模板模型

doi:10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2022.06.01

心理发展与教育 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 761-768.doi: 10.16187/j.cnki.issn1001-4918.2022.06.01

• 认知与社会性发展 • 下一篇

老年人整体运动知觉衰退的视觉机制——基于知觉模板模型

金花¹, 梁紫平², 单金磊³, 张羽萍⁴, 朱子良⁵

1. 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地天津师范大学心理与行为研究院, 天津 300387;
2. 郑州大学心理健康教育中心, 郑州 450001;
3. 天津工业大学电子与信息工程学院, 天津 300387;
4. 河南中医药大学康复医学院, 郑州 450000;
5. 北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室, 北京 100875

发布日期:2022-11-29
通讯作者: 金花 E-mail:jinhua@mail.tjnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“整体运动知觉老化及其延缓的脑机制:基于多模态磁共振成像”(31971021)。

The Visual Mechanism Underlying the Healthy Aging of Global Motion Perception in the Elderly——Based on the Perceptual Template Model

JIN Hua¹, LIANG Ziping², SHAN Jinlei³, ZHANG Yuping⁴, ZHU Ziliang⁵

1. Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387;
2. Mental Health Education Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001;
3. School of Electronic and Information Engineering, TianGong University, Tianjin 300387;
4. Medicine School of Rehabilitation, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000;
5. State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875

Published:2022-11-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 整体运动知觉存在年龄相关的衰退,然其老化的视觉机制仍不清楚。本研究分别招募34名青年人和老年人为研究对象,采用随机点阵范式,首次以动态速度为外部噪声考察了这一问题。结果发现,老年组整体运动一致性阈值显著高于青年组,且中等速度下的差异较小,证明整体运动知觉存在老化效应,且老化程度受到速度的影响。对两组数据进行知觉模板拟合发现,以青年组为基准,老年组表征内部加法噪声和排除外部噪声能力的 A_a 和 A_f 均大于1,且 A_a >> A_f ,提示老年人整体运动知觉的衰退可能源于其内部加法噪声的增强和排除外部噪声能力的减弱,其中内部加法噪声的增强更为显著。

关键词: 整体运动知觉, 知觉模板模型, 老化, 速度噪声

Abstract: Studies showed that global motion perception (GMP) declines with aging. However, the visual mechanism underlying the healthy aging of GMP in the older adults is still unclear. The present study, for the first time, taking dynamic speed as external noise, addressed this issue. In this study, 34 younger and 34 older adults were recruited to perform a random dot kinematograms (RDK) task. Results showed that the older adults had significantly higher GMP threshold than the younger, indicating that there was significantly healthy aging in GMP. And the smaller difference between the two groups at moderate speed suggested that the aging effect of GMP was affected by speed. More importantly, Perceptual Template Model (PTM) fitting found that compared to the younger adults, older adults’ A_a >1, A_f >1 and A_a >> A_f, demonstrating that the decline in their GMP sensitivity might be due to the enhanced additive internal noise combined with the weakened ability to exclude external noise, especially the enhanced additive internal noise.

Key words: global motion perception, perceptual template model, aging, speed noise

中图分类号:

B844

金花, 梁紫平, 单金磊, 张羽萍, 朱子良. 老年人整体运动知觉衰退的视觉机制——基于知觉模板模型[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2022, 38(6): 761-768.

JIN Hua, LIANG Ziping, SHAN Jinlei, ZHANG Yuping, ZHU Ziliang. The Visual Mechanism Underlying the Healthy Aging of Global Motion Perception in the Elderly——Based on the Perceptual Template Model[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2022, 38(6): 761-768.

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老年人整体运动知觉衰退的视觉机制——基于知觉模板模型

The Visual Mechanism Underlying the Healthy Aging of Global Motion Perception in the Elderly——Based on the Perceptual Template Model

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