说明文阅读中因果推理的意识性

心理发展与教育 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 378-384.

说明文阅读中因果推理的意识性

邹艳荣^1,2, 陈慧恩², 郑海燕², 昂晨², 王瑞明²

1. 广州科技贸易职业学院心理健康教育中心, 广州 511442;
2. 华南师范大学心理学院心理应用研究中心, 广州 510631

出版日期:2013-07-15 发布日期:2013-07-15
通讯作者: 王瑞明,E-mail:wruiming@163.com E-mail:wruiming@163.com
基金资助:
全国优秀博士学位论文作者专项资金(201204);国家基础科学人才培养基金(J1210024);广东省心理健康与认知科学重点实验室项目.

Consciousness of Causal Inference in Expository Reading

ZOU Yan-rong^1,2, CHEN Hui-en², ZHENG Hai-yan², ANG Chen², WANG Rui-ming²

1. Center for Education of Psychological Health, Guangzhou Vocational College of Technology & Business, Guangzhou 511442, China;
2. Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China

Online:2013-07-15 Published:2013-07-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用独立记得-知道范式(IRK)和加工分离范式(PDP)探讨说明文阅读中因果推理的意识性。根据关系部分的描述与目标句是否存在逻辑冲突,创设推理成功和推理失败两种实验条件。实验1和2分别使用独立记得-知道范式和加工分离范式进行研究。两个实验的结果都发现推理成功和推理失败在有意识和无意识加工指标上都差异显著,表明说明文阅读中因果推理既影响有意识加工也影响无意识加工,该结果支持和完善了文本阅读双加工理论。

关键词: 说明文, 因果推理, 文本表征, 意识性

Abstract: Two experiments were designed to explore the influence of causal inference on the consciousness of text representation in expository with the two paradigms (IRK and PDP). In experiment 1, According to the relationship between the elaboration on a characteristic of the thing and the subsequent target sentence, the independent variable had two levels: successful inference version and fail inference version. The dependent variable was the hit rate of "remember" or "know" judgment. In experiment 2, the independent variable was as same as that in experiment 1. The dependent variable was the hit rate of "Old" judgment and the false alarm rate of "New" judgment. In these two experiments, the reading time of target sentence in fail inference condition was longer than that in successful inference condition. More importantly, there was remarkable difference between the successful inference version and fail inference version in the rate of consciousness and unconsciousness. The results showed that causal inference not only affects the conscious processing but also the unconscious processing in expository.

Key words: expository, causal inference, text representation, consciousness

中图分类号:

G442

邹艳荣, 陈慧恩, 郑海燕, 昂晨, 王瑞明. 说明文阅读中因果推理的意识性[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2013, 29(4): 378-384.

ZOU Yan-rong, CHEN Hui-en, ZHENG Hai-yan, ANG Chen, WANG Rui-ming. Consciousness of Causal Inference in Expository Reading[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2013, 29(4): 378-384.

参考文献

Bower, G., & Morrow, D.(1990). Mental models in narrative comprehension. Science, 247(4938), 44-48.
Gangl, M. (2010). Causal inference in sociological research. Annual Review of Sociology, 36, 21-47.
Kendler, K. S., & Gardner, C. O. (2010). Dependent stressful life events and prior depressive episodes in the prediction of major depression: The problem of causal inference in psychiatric epidemiology. Archives of general psychiatry, 67(11), 1120-1127.
Long, D. L., Johns, C. L., & Jonathan, E. (2012). A memory-retrieval view of discourse representation: The recollection and familiarity of text ideas. Language and Cognitive Processes, 27(6), 821-843.
Long, D. L., & Prat, C. S. (2002). Memory for Star Trek: The role of prior knowledge in recognition revisited. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28(6), 1073-1082.
Long, D. L., & Prat, C. S. (2006). Assessing text representations with recognition: The interaction of domain knowledge and text coherence. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 32(4), 816-827.
Long, D. L., Prat, C.S., Johns, C., Morris, P., & Jonathan, E. (2008). The importance of knowledge in vivid text memory: An individual-differences investigation of recollection and familiarity. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 15(3), 604-609.
O'Brien, E. J., Cook, A. E., & Peracchi, K. A. (2004). Updating Situation Models: Reply to Zwaan and Madden. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 30(1), 289-291.
O'Brien, E. J., Rizzella, M. L., Albrecht, J. E., & Halleran, J. G. (1998). Updating a situation model: A memory-based text processing view. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 24(5), 1200-1210.
Ramsey, J. D., Hanson, S. J., Hanson, C., Halchenko, Y.O., Poldrack, R.A., & Glymour, C. (2010). Six problems for causal inference from FMRI.NeuroImage, 49(2), 1545-1558.
Zwaan, R. A., & Madden, C. J. (2004). Updating situation model. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 30(1), 283-288.
莫雷, 冷英. (2005). 目标焦点监控下目标信息的建构与整合. 心理学报, 37(1), 41-50.
莫雷, 冷英, 王瑞明. (2009). 文本阅读信息加工过程研究. 广州: 广东高等教育出版社, 576-577.
莫雷, 王瑞明, 何先友. (2003). 文本阅读过程中信息的协调性整合. 心理学报, 35(6), 743-753.
王瑞明. (2006). 文本阅读中信息的协调性整合研究. 博士学位论文,华南师范大学.
王瑞明, 莫雷. (2011). 文本阅读中信息的协调性整合. 心理科学进展, 19(4), 471-479.
王瑞明, 莫雷, 贾德梅, 冷英, 李利, 李小健. (2006). 文本阅读中情境模型建构和更新的机制. 心理学报, 38(1), 30-40.
王瑞明, 莫雷, 李利, 金花. (2008). 文本阅读中协调性整合的发生机制. 心理学报, 40(11), 1165-1177.
王瑞明, 吴迪, 邹艳荣, 周爱斯, 曾祥炎. (2011). 连贯性对文本表征意识性的影响. 心理学报, 43(10), 1114-1123.
王瑞明, 邹艳荣, 曾祥炎, 吕超, 罗漫. (2011). 连贯阅读中文本表征的意识性研究. 心理科学, 34(4), 819-823.
伍丽梅. (2008). 说明文的因果推理与阅读表征的研究. 博士学位论文, 华南师范大学.
伍丽梅, 莫雷. (2010). 说明文阅读中局部连贯因果推理的产生. 心理学报, 42(2), 200-215.
伍丽梅, 莫雷. (2012a). 说明文阅读中因果序列的表征. 心理学报, 44(1), 63-75.
伍丽梅, 莫雷. (2012b). 说明文阅读中整体连贯因果推理的产生. 华南师范大学学报(社会科学版), 3, 40-49.
邹艳荣, 王瑞明. (2010). 文本阅读中文本表征的意识性研究. 心理学探新, 30(2), 55-59.

多维度评价

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

[1]	龚银清, 李红, 盛礼萍. 3~4岁儿童规则因果推理能力的训练研究[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2006, 22(4): 12-16.
[2]	郑信军. 同伴接纳性对中学生内隐社会认知的影响[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2003, 19(4): 23-26.
[3]	胡清芬, 林崇德. 因果变化模式与因果联结强度在幼儿因果推理中的作用[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2002, 18(4): 11-16.
[4]	宋广文, 李寿欣, 王新波. 学生认知方式影响文章阅读理解的实验研究[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2001, 17(2): 31-35.