摘要： 自从80年代我国推行独生子女政策以来,独生和非独生儿童在认知和个性方面是否存在差异,是我国心理学界与教育学界感兴趣的问题.早在十九世纪末二十世纪初,国外心理学家和教育学家就开始注意这个问题,1898年美国心理学家E.W.Bohannon 发表了第一篇关于独生子女研究的论文——“家庭中的独生子女”,T.Falbo 对自1925年至1984年间发表的200多篇文章,进行了元分析(metaanalysis),结果发现,在个性特征上,一般看来,独生与非独生儿童没有差别,而在智力和成就上独生与非独生儿童存在显著差异.
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