摘要： 心理表征和意图是假装中两种最重要的心理成分,关于年幼儿童是否能理解假装中的这两种心理成分,研究者们得出了不尽相同的结论。一种观点认为3岁儿童就能理解到假装中的心理层面(心理表征、意图);另一种观点则认为儿童到了6岁都仅仅把假装理解为一种外表上看起来像某物的行为,并不能理解到假装中的心理层面(心理表征、意图),而恰恰对假装中的心理层面的理解才是假装理解的关键方面。这些争论可能与测试问题的推论方向与提问方式、对抑制控制能力的要求、假装动作与心理状态的平衡、任务情景与现实生活情景的联系、实验材料呈现方式等方面的差异有关。未来研究可以从结合执行功能、区分假装主体和假装旁观者、采用内隐的测试方法、关注与假装相关的其他能力的发展等角度,对儿童理解假装中的心理表征和意图这一问题进行深入研究。
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