自尊水平、事件效价与时距对过去事件时距估计的影响

心理发展与教育 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 18-22.

自尊水平、事件效价与时距对过去事件时距估计的影响

尧国靖¹, 张锋²

1. 右江民族医学院社科部,百色 533000;
2. 河南大学教育科学学院,开封 475004

出版日期:2013-01-15 发布日期:2013-01-15
通讯作者: 张锋,E-mail:zgfzhang@163.com E-mail:zgfzhang@163.com
基金资助:
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(10YJCXLX056);新世纪广西高等教育教改工程2011年一般项目(2011JGB096).

The Effect of Self-esteem Level, Event Valence and Temporal Distance on Temporal Distance Estimation of Past Events

YAO Guo-jing¹, ZHANG Feng²

1. Department of Social Science, Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China;
2. School of Education Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China

Online:2013-01-15 Published:2013-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在西方文化背景下提出的时间自我评价理论认为,人们为了维护当前积极自尊,主观上会远离过去失败而亲近过去成功。本研究采用线段评估法,选取311名中国大学生被试,通过两个实验考察自尊水平、事件效价与时距对过去事件时距估计的影响,以检验该理论的文化普适性。结果表明:对过去事件的时距估计,自尊水平、事件效价及其交互作用在同一时距里均不存在显著差异;时距的主效应及其与事件效价的交互作用均显著,在负效价水平上存在显著时距差异,在正效价水平上无显著时距差异。研究结果不支持基于西方文化背景下的时间自我评价理论。

关键词: 时间自我评价理论, 过去事件, 时距估计, 自尊水平, 事件效价

Abstract: Temporal self-appraisal theory in western culture suggests that people can maintain positive present self-esteem by enhancing earlier selves who feel close and disparaging past selves who feel distant. With the method of evaluation on a line, we conducted 2 experiments to investigate the effect of self-esteem level, event valence and temporal distance on temporal distance estimation of past events with 311 Chinese college students for testing temporal self-appraisal theory's cultral universality. The results showed that:In the same temporal distance, temporal distance estimation of past event had no significant difference in event valence, self-esteem level and their interaction; Temporal distance estimation of past event had a significant difference in temporal distance, the interaction between event valence and temporal distance was significant, and in the negative valence, there had a significant difference in temporal distance, but in the positive valence, there had no significant difference in temporal distance. In conclusion, the results of this study didnt support the temporal self-appraisal theory based on western culture.

Key words: temporal self-appraisal theory, past event, temporal distance estimation, self-esteem leavel, event valence

中图分类号:

B844.3

尧国靖, 张锋. 自尊水平、事件效价与时距对过去事件时距估计的影响[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2013, 29(1): 18-22.

YAO Guo-jing, ZHANG Feng. The Effect of Self-esteem Level, Event Valence and Temporal Distance on Temporal Distance Estimation of Past Events[J]. Psychological Development and Education, 2013, 29(1): 18-22.

参考文献

Baumeister, R. F.(1998). The self. In D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske, & G. Lindzey(Eds.), Handbook of social psychology(4 ed., pp.680-740 ). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Ross, M., Heine, S. J., Wilson, A. E., & Sugimori, S.(2005). Cross-cultural discrepancies in self-appraisals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31(9), 1175-1188.
Ross, M., & Wilson, A. E.(2002). It feels like yesterday: Self-esteem, valence of personal past experiences, and judgments of subjective distance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82(5), 792-803.
Ross, M., & Wilson, A. E.(2003). Autobiographical memory and conceptions of self: getting better all the time. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 12(2), 66-69.
Triandis, H. C., & Suh, E. M.(2002). Cultural influences on personality. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 133-160.
Wilson, A. E., & Ross, M.(2000). The frequency of temporal-self and social comparisons in people's personal appraisals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78(5), 928-942.
Wilson, A. E., & Ross, M.(2001).From chump to champ: People's appraisals of their earlier and present selves. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(4), 572-584.
蔡华俭,丰怡,岳曦彤.(2011).泛文化的自尊需要:基于中国人的研究证据.心理科学进展,19(1),1-8.
罗扬眉,黄希庭.(2011). 时间自我评价的性质. 西南大学学报(社会科学版),37(6),1-6.
侯玉波,朱滢.(2002).文化对中国人思维方式的影响,心理学报,34(1),106-111.
胡金生.(2007).传统和现代视野中的自谦.心理学探新,103(27),19-21.
黄希庭.(2008 ).社会中的自我. 黄希庭(主编),心理学基础 (pp. 55-67). 上海:华东师范大学出版社.
黄希庭,孙承惠,胡维芳.(1998). 过去时间的心理结构. 心理科学,21(1),1-4,16.
黄希庭,杨雄.(1998).青年学生自我价值感量表的编制.心理科学,21(4),289-292.
黄希庭,尹天子.(2012). 从自尊的文化差异说起. 心理科学,35(1),2-8.
石伟,黄岗.(2010). 时间维度上的自我评价. 西南大学学报(社会科学版),36(5),39-44.
田录梅,李双.(2005).自尊概念辨析.心理学探新,25(2),26-29.
杨福义,梁宁建.(2007).内隐自尊与外显自尊的关系:多重内隐测量的视角.心理科学,30(4),785-790.
杨中芳.(1991). 试论中国人的[自己]:理论与研究方向.见杨中芳,高尚仁(主编) ,中国人·中国心——人格与社会篇(p.128).台北:远流出版社.
张丽华,韩慧敏.(2008). 自尊结构研究新趋势——自尊的双重结构模型. 辽宁师范大学学报(社会科学版),31(2),40-43.

多维度评价

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

[1]	陈翠玲, 冯莉, 王大华, 李春花. 成年独生子女自尊水平和主观幸福感的特点及二者间的关系[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2008, 24(3): 71-76.
[2]	刘卫卫, 刘翔平, 钟姝. 不同亚型ADHD儿童的视通道时距估计能力[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2008, 24(3): 30-35.
[3]	田录梅, 张向葵. 不同自尊者对自我相关信息的记忆偏好[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2008, 24(2): 91-96.
[4]	田录梅. 自尊对大学生失败后情绪状态的影响[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2005, 21(3): 104-107.
[5]	田录梅. 不同归因方式的诱导对自尊不同学生失败后测验成绩的影响[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2003, 19(4): 62-65.
[6]	郭秀艳, 聂晶. 大学生实时距、空时距估计的比较研究[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2003, 19(3): 58-62.